3D MRI of the Shoulder
This article briefly describes techniques used in 3D imaging of the shoulder and discusses applications of these techniques including measuring glenoid bone loss in anterior glenohumeral instability. We also review the literature on routine 3D imaging for the evaluation of common shoulder abnormalities as 3D imaging will likely become more common as imaging software continues to improve. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Daniels, Steven P. Gyftopoulos, Soterios Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI in Osteoarthritis
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 468-479 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730911Osteoarthritis (OA) is among the top 10 burdensome diseases, with the knee the most affected joint. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows whole-knee assessment, making it ideally suited for imaging OA, considered a multitissue disease. Three-dimensional (3D) MRI enables the comprehensive assessment of OA, including quantitative morphometry of various joint tissues. Manual tissue segmentation on 3D MRI is challenging but may be overcome by advanced automated image analysis methods including artificial intelligence (AI). This review presents examples o...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Oei, Edwin H.G. van Zadelhoff, Tijmen A. Eijgenraam, Susanne M. Klein, Stefan Hirvasniemi, Jukka van der Heijden, Rianne A. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI of the Knee
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 455-467 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730400Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee is widely used in musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging. Currently, 3D sequences are most commonly used for morphological imaging. Isotropic 3D MRI provides higher out-of-plane resolution than standard two-dimensional (2D) MRI, leading to reduced partial volume averaging artifacts and allowing for multiplanar reconstructions in any plane with any thickness from a single high-resolution isotropic acquisition. Specifically, isotropic 3D fast spin-echo imaging, with options for tissue weighting s...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Altahawi, Faysal Pierce, Jason Aslan, Mercan Li, Xiaojuan Winalski, Carl S. Subhas, Naveen Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D Whole-Body MRI of the Musculoskeletal System
This article illustrates the basic principles, advantages, and limitations of the 3D approach in WB-MRI examinations and provides a short review of the literature. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Pasoglou, Vassiliki Van Nieuwenhove, Sandy Peeters, Frank Duch êne, Gaetan Kirchgesner, Thomas Lecouvet, Frederic E. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI of the Spine
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 433-440 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731060Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging of the spine is now clinically feasible due to technological advancements. Its advantages over two-dimensional imaging include higher in-plane spatial resolution and the ability for reformation in any plane that enables time savings in image acquisition and aids more accurate interpretation. Multispectral 3D techniques for imaging around metal are sometimes useful for evaluating anatomy adjacent to spinal fixation hardware. 3D gradient-recalled echo sequences, including ultrashort or zero time to echo s...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Sahr, Meghan Tan, Ek Tsoon Sneag, Darryl B. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI of the Rheumatic Diseases
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 425-432 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731058Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used to evaluate musculoskeletal pathologies due to its high spatial resolution and excellent tissue contrast. The diagnosis of rheumatic diseases can often be challenging. Investigation with conventional two-dimensional MRI is helpful for diagnosis and monitoring treatment. In the past few years, three-dimensional (3D) MRI has been more commonly used to assess joint pathologies including inflammatory and rheumatic diseases. This review discusses the techniques and protocols of 3D MRI and its diagnostic yiel...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Ezzati, Fatemeh Chalian, Majid Pezeshk, Parham Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI in Musculoskeletal Oncology
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 418-424 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730399Advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology now enable the feasible three-dimensional (3D) acquisition of images. With respect to the imaging of musculoskeletal (MSK) tumors, literature is beginning to accumulate on the use of 3D MRI acquisition for tumor detection and characterization. The benefits of 3D MRI, including general advantages, such as decreased acquisition time, isotropic resolution, and increased image quality, are not only inherently useful for tumor imaging, but they also contribute to the feasibility of more specialized tum...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Jones, Blake C. Ahlawat, Shivani Fayad, Laura M. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MR Neurography
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 409-417 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730909High-resolution isotropic volumetric three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) techniques enable multiplanar depiction of peripheral nerves. In addition, 3D MRN provides anatomical and functional tissue characterization of different disease conditions affecting the peripheral nerves. In this review article, we summarize clinically relevant technical considerations of 3D MRN image acquisition and review clinical applications of 3D MRN to assess peripheral nerve diseases, such as entrapments, trauma, inflammatory or infectious neuropath...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Khalilzadeh, Omid Fayad, Laura M. Ahlawat, Shivani Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI of Articular Cartilage
This article reviews the different 3D imaging techniques available for evaluating cartilage morphology, illustrates the strengths and weaknesses of 3D approaches compared with 2D-FSE approaches for cartilage imaging, and summarizes the diagnostic performance of 2D-FSE and 3D sequences for detecting cartilage lesions within the knee and hip joints. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Kijowski, Richard Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI Models of the Musculoskeletal System
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 388-396 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730912Computed tomography (CT) is most commonly used to produce three-dimensional (3D) models for evaluating bone and joint morphology in clinical practice. However, 3D models created from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data can be equally effective for comprehensive and accurate assessment of osseous and soft tissue structure morphology and pathology. The quality of 3D MRI models has steadily increased over time, with growing potential to replace 3D CT models in various musculoskeletal (MSK) applications. In practice, a single MRI examination for two-dime...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Samim, Mohammad Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

3D MRI: Technical Considerations and Practical Integration
This article provides an overview of general technical considerations of 3D FSE and TSE sequences in musculoskeletal MRI. It also describes how these sequences achieve efficient data acquisition and reviews the main advantages and challenges for their introduction to clinical practice. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Del Grande, Filippo Hinterholzer, Natalie Nanz, Daniel Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Musculoskeletal 3D MRI: A Decade of Developments and Innovations Coming to Fruition
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 379-380 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733946 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Fritz, Jan Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Hand and Wrist Neuropathies: High-resolution Ultrasonography and MR Neurography
This article outlines the technical considerations of US and MRN and discusses normal and abnormal imaging appearances of hand and wrist nerves from etiologies such as entrapment, injury, tumor, and proximal and diffuse neuropathy, with specific case illustrations. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - August 27, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Chhabra, Avneesh Ratakonda, Raghu Zaottini, Federico Picasso, Riccardo Martinoli, Carlo Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Thumb Injuries and Instabilities. Part 2: Spectrum of Lesions
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 355-365 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730414The motor function of the thumb and its alignment with regard to the hand make it particularly vulnerable to trauma. Pathology encountered in this joint is varied, and imaging techniques play a crucial role in the diagnosis and characterization of injury. Despite advances in imaging technology, acute thumb injuries remain a challenge for radiologists. Currently, standard radiography and ultrasonography are frequently used first-line imaging techniques. Computed tomography is most often indicated for complex fractures and dislocations. Magnetic resonanc...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - August 27, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Blum, Alain G. van Holsbeeck, Marnix T. Bianchi, Stefano Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Thumb Injuries and Instabilities. Part 1: Anatomy, Kinesiology, and Imaging Techniques of the Thumb
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 346-354 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730397The unique anatomical characteristics of the thumb offer a broad range of motion and the ability to oppose thumb and finger, an essential function for grasping. The motor function of the thumb and its orientation make it particularly vulnerable to trauma. Pathologic lesions encountered in this joint are varied, and imaging techniques play a crucial role in injury detection and characterization. Despite advances in diagnostic accuracy, acute thumb injuries pose a challenge for the radiologist. The complex and delicate anatomy requires meticulous and tec...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - August 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Blum, Alain G. van Holsbeeck, Marnix T. Bianchi, Stefano Tags: Review Article Source Type: research