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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) immune-related adverse events (ICI-PMRs) represent a novel, distinct entity, despite many clinical, laboratory, and imaging similarities to classical PMR. Important questions remain in differentiating ICI-PMR from classical PMR, as well as other immune-related adverse events and PMR mimics. Despite this, ICI-PMR currently takes treatment cues from classical PMR, albeit with considerations relevant to cancer immunotherapy. Comparisons between ICI-PMR and classical PMR may provide further bidirectional insights, especially given that important questions remain unanswered about both diseases. The ...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: David F.L. Liew, Sarah L. Mackie, Alice Tison, Sebastian E. Sattui, Max Yates, Russell R.C. Buchanan, Claire E. Owen Source Type: research

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Sicca Syndrome
The development of sicca in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is undoubtedly an underestimated complication, but one whose functional consequences and impact on quality of life are significant for patients. This update aims to review the frequency of this complication and different clinical pictures. The authors also propose a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to guide clinicians in daily practice. (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Samuel Bitoun, Antoine Rousseau, Marjolaine Gosset, Rakiba Belkhir, Thierry Lazure, Xavier Mariette, Gaetane Nocturne Source Type: research

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David Liew and Alexa Meara have provided an issue and toolbox that are not only current state-of-the-art but also clearly required for the field to move forward. Rheumatic immune –related adverse events need to be understood and addressed by all Rheumatologists (not just a few in limited centers) because the success story of immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy is growing and certainly is associated with meaningful health care results. One of the most important outcom es from this issue is our experts, who put the articles together, now can tell us how to diagnose and manage these events and provide quality care. (S...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Michael H. Weisman Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

Rheumatic Immune-related Adverse Events
RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: David F.L. Liew, Alexa Simon Meara Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research

Contributors
MICHAEL H. WEISMAN, MD (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research

Contents
Michael H. Weismanxv (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Rheumatology Collection (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - April 25, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research

The Current and Future of Biomarkers of Immune Related Adverse Events
With their groundbreaking clinical responses, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have ushered in a new chapter in cancer therapeutics. However, they are often associated with life-threatening or organ-threatening autoimmune/autoinflammatory phenomena, collectively termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In this review, we will first describe the mechanisms of action of ICIs as well as irAEs. Next, we will review biomarkers for predicting the development of irAEs or stratifying risks. (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - March 12, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: William Bracamonte-Baran, Sang T. Kim Source Type: research

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Myositis
Myositis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is an infrequent, potentially fatal, immune-related adverse event. It has higher incidence in patients who receive combination ICI therapy compared to monotherapy. Patients can present with clinical manifestation symptoms of myositis alone or in combination with myocarditis and/or myasthenia gravis, which significantly worsens the course and prognosis. Diagnosis can generally be made on the basis of clinical presentation, elevation of muscle enzymes, and electromyographic changes, but some patients may require a muscle biopsy. The first line of therapy is high-dose co...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - March 12, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Athira Jayan, Andrew L. Mammen, Maria E. Suarez-Almazor Source Type: research

The Current and Future of Biomarkers of Immune-related Adverse Effects
With their groundbreaking clinical responses, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have ushered in a new chapter in cancer therapeutics. However, they are often associated with life-threatening or organ-threatening autoimmune/autoinflammatory phenomena, collectively termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In this review, we will first describe the mechanisms of action of ICIs as well as irAEs. Next, we will review biomarkers for predicting the development of irAEs or stratifying risks. (Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America)
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - March 12, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: William Bracamonte-Baran, Sang T. Kim Source Type: research

Myositis
induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is an infrequent, potentially fatal, immune-related adverse event. It has higher incidence in patients who receive combination ICI therapy compared to monotherapy. Patients can present with clinical manifestation symptoms of myositis alone or in combination with myocarditis and/or myasthenia gravis, which significantly worsens the course and prognosis. Diagnosis can generally be made on the basis of clinical presentation, elevation of muscle enzymes, and electromyographic changes, but some patients may require a muscle biopsy. The first line of therapy is high-dose corticoste...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - March 12, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Athira Jayan, Andrew L. Mammen, Maria E. Suarez-Almazor Source Type: research

The Need for Classification Criteria of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Inflammatory Arthritis
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis (ICI-IA) is an immune-related adverse event that can occur as a result of receiving ICIs for cancer treatment. Thus far, ICI-IA has been described variably in the literature, in part due to varying presentations that evolve over time, as well as a lack of standardized definitions and classification. This scoping review aggregates various descriptions of ICI-IA, highlighting the most prominent attributes of ICI-IA from categories such as symptoms, signs, imaging, and laboratory findings as well as discussing potential mimic conditions. (Source: Rheumatic Disease Cli...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - March 12, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Nilasha Ghosh, Bridget Jivanelli, Nina Couette, Namrata Singh, Marie Kostine, Alexa Meara, David F.L. Liew Source Type: research

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Inflammatory Arthritis
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has changed the landscape of the treatment of cancer. Several immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have now been described such as ICI-inflammatory arthritis (IA), sicca syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, myositis, and vasculitis as a consequence of immune activation. The onset of the ICI-IA can vary from after the first infusion of ICIs to a delayed presentation a year or more after ICI initiation. Ultimately, baseline patient and tumor characteristics, the types of immunotherapies used, pre-existing autoimmune diseases, and/or other irAEs, as well as patient prefere...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - March 7, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Namrata Singh, Anupama Shahane, Jeffrey A. Sparks, Samuel Bitoun, Laura C. Cappelli Source Type: research

Impact of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Glucocorticoids, and Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs on Cancer Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for advanced malignancies often leads to off-target adverse events. Rheumatic immune-related adverse events can often linger beyond the duration of ICI therapy and sometimes requires the use of immunomodulator therapy. A key question, therefore, is if the commonly used therapies affect cancer outcomes. In this review, the authors summarize the state of the data as it currently stands, taking into consideration the limitations of the various source studies. The most information is known about glucocorticoids, which appear to be harmful especially when used early and at high doses. (...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - March 7, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Karmela K. Chan, Anne R. Bass Source Type: research