An alternating-intervention pilot trial on the impact of an informational handout on patient-reported outcomes and follow-up after lung cancer screening
ConclusionsThere were no differences in self-reported outcomes between the groups or overall follow-up adherence. Those receiving the intervention did report greater understanding and knowledge of key LCS components, and those with positive results had a higher rate of follow-up. This may represent a feasible component of a multi-level intervention to address knowledge and follow-up for LCS. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05265897. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Matthew Triplette Source Type: research
News media coverage of LGBT identities over 10 years in a 400-million-word corpus
ConclusionsPractically, we presented a decade-long barometer of LGBT sentiments and themes on a national level, providing a framework to analyze media for more effective communication strategies —applicable to Commonwealth countries with similar inherited colonial laws. Salient repetition through media association may unwittingly frame certain issues negatively; caution is prudent in representing each sub-group adequately, rather than portraying the LGBT identity as monolithic. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Reuben Ng Source Type: research
Pharmacogenomics-assisted schizophrenia management: A hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation study protocol to compare the clinical utility, cost-effectiveness, and barriers
by Aniruddha Basu, Atanu Kumar Dutta, Bhavani Shankara Bagepally, Saibal Das, Jerin Jose Cherian, Sudipto Roy, Pawan Kumar Maurya, Indranil Saha, Deepasree Sukumaran, Kumari Rina, Sucharita Mandal, Sukanto Sarkar, Manoj Kalita, Kalyan Bhowmik, Asim Saha, Amit Chakrabarti
ObjectivesThe response to antipsychotic therapy is highly variable. Pharmacogenomic (PGx) factors play a major role in deciding the effectiveness and safety of antipsychotic drugs. A hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation research will be conducted to evaluate the clinical utility (safety and efficacy), cost-effectiveness, and facilitators and barriers...
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Aniruddha Basu Source Type: research
Association of different milk fat content with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction risk: A Mendelian randomization study
This study aimed to conduct univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, using publicly released genome-wide association study summary statistics (GWAS) from the IEU GWAS database, to ascertain the causal association of milk with various fat content with CAD and MI risk. MethodsFor the exposure data, 29, 15, and 30 single-nucleotide polymorphisms for whole milk, semi-skimmed milk, and skimmed milk, respectively, obtained from 360,806 Europeans, were used as instrumental variables. CAD and MI comprised 141,217 and 395,795 samples, respectively. We used inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, ...
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jiacan Wu Source Type: research
Prevalence, genetic diversity and eco-epidemiology of pathogenic < i > Leptospira < /i > species in small mammal communities in urban parks Lyon city, France
by Marta Garcia-Lopez, Thibaut Lurier, Marie Bouilloud, Julien Pradel, Caroline Tatard, Diana Sepulveda, Gwendoline Anfray, Julie Dussert, Pascale Bourhy, Nathalie Charbonnel, Zouheira Djelouadji
Rodents are recognized as the main reservoirs ofLeptospira spp. Rats, in particular, serve as hosts for the widely predominantLeptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, found worldwide. Several studies have shown the importance of other reservoirs, such as mice or hedgehogs, which harbor other leptospires ’ serovars. Nevertheless, our knowledge of circulatingLeptospira spp. in reservoirs other than rats remains limited...
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Marta Garcia-Lopez Source Type: research
Spatial ecology of moose in Sweden: Combined Sr-O-C isotope analyses of bone and antler
by Elena Armaroli, Federico Lugli, Anna Cipriani, Thomas T ütken
The study of spatial (paleo)ecology in mammals is critical to understand how animals adapt to and exploit their environment. In this work we analysed the87Sr/86Sr, δ18O and δ13C isotope composition of 65 moose bone and antler samples from Sweden from wild-shot individuals dated between 1800 and 1994 to study moose mobility and feeding behaviour for (paleo)ecological applications. Sr data were compared with isoscapes of the Scandinavian region, builtad-hoc during this study, to understand how moose utilise the landscape in Northern Europe. The87Sr/86Sr iso...
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Elena Armaroli Source Type: research
Putting theory to the test: An integrated computational/experimental chemostat model of the tragedy of the commons
by Bryan K. Lynn, Patrick De Leenheer, Martin Schuster
Cooperation via shared public goods is ubiquitous in nature, however, noncontributing social cheaters can exploit the public goods provided by cooperating individuals to gain a fitness advantage. Theory predicts that this dynamic can cause a Tragedy of the Commons, and in particular, a ‘Collapsi ng’ Tragedy defined as the extinction of the entire population if the public good is essential. However, there is little empirical evidence of the Collapsing Tragedy in evolutionary biology. Here, we experimentally demonstrate this outcome in a microbial model system, the ...
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Bryan K. Lynn Source Type: research
Quality appraisal of clinical guidelines for Helicobacter pylori infection and systematic analysis of the level of evidence for recommendations
ConclusionThe overall quality of CPGs for HP infection is poor, and CPG developers tend to neglect some domains, resulting in a wide variability in the quality of the CPGs. Additionally, CPGs for HP infection lack sufficient high-quality evidence, and the grading of recommendation strength should be based on the quality of evidence. The CPGs for HP infection have much room for improvement and further researches are required to minimize the evidence gap. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jiayin Ou Source Type: research
Does wealth equate to happiness? an 11-year panel data analysis exploring socio-economic indicators and social media metrics
This study makes a synthetic contribution to the debate on the Eas terlin paradox, indicating that economic growth can enhance well-being if income inequality is kept below a certain level. Although these results are theoretically enlightening for the relationship between economics and national well-being globally, this study’s sample comes from mainland China. D ue to differences in cultural, economic, and political factors, further research is suggested to explore these dynamics globally. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Feng Huang Source Type: research
A high density of ultra-processed food, alcohol & tobacco retail stores, and social inequalities are associated with higher mortality rates of non-communicable diseases in Mexican adults: 2005 to 2021
ConclusionThere was an overall increase in NCDs MR from 2005 to 2021, with a significant geographic variation among Mexican municipalities. The results of this study highlight the importance of identifying priority areas in the country that urgently require public policies focused on local factors associated with deaths from NCDs, such as the regulation of the ultra-processed food, alcohol& tobacco retail stores, and efforts to reduce social inequalities. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Adriana Gardu ño-Alanis Source Type: research
Measuring high-speed train delay severity: Static and dynamic analysis
by Bing Li, Chao Wen, Shenglan Yang, Mingzhao Ma, Jie Cheng, Wenxin Li
This paper focuses on optimizing the management of delayed trains in operational scenarios by scientifically categorizing train delay levels. It employs static and dynamic models grounded in real-world train delay data from high-speed railways. This classification aids dispatchers in swiftly ident ifying and predicting delay extents, thus enhancing mitigation strategies’ efficiency. Key indicators, encompassing initial delay duration, station impacts, average station delay, delayed trains’ cascading effects, and average delay per affected train, in...
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Bing Li Source Type: research
Epithelial development of the urinary collecting system in the human embryo
by Marie Ange Saizonou, Haruka Kitazawa, Toru Kanahashi, Shigehito Yamada, Tetsuya Takakuwa
The urinary collecting system (UCS) consists of organized ducts that collect urine from the nephrons and transport it to the ureter and bladder. Understanding the histogenesis of the UCS is critical. Thirty human embryos between the Carnegie stages (CS) 18 and 23 were selected from the Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Kyoto, Japan. Epithelia of the UCS, ureter, and bladder of each sample were randomly selected. Histological findings of the epithelia were analyzed according to the following criteria: type of epithelium, presence ...
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Marie Ange Saizonou Source Type: research
Absolute monocyte counts could predict disease activity and secondary loss of response of patients with Crohn ’s disease treated with anti-TNF-α drug
ConclusionThe results of this study support the utility of absolute monocyte counts detecting disease activity and anti-TNF- α therapy effect in patients with CD. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jia Hu Source Type: research
Online application for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis by six genes
ConclusionsA prognostic Shiny application, built upon six potential atherosclerosis-associated genes, has been developed, offering an accurate diagnosis of atherosclerosis. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zunlan Zhao Source Type: research
Fungal microbiota in newborn infants with and without respiratory distress syndrome
ConclusionsThis is the first report to describe the fungal microbiota of the airways in term and preterm infants with and without respiratory distress syndrome. Although no differences have been observed, the number of cases analyzed could be small to obtain conclusive results, and more studies are needed to understand the role of the fungal microbiota of the airways in neonatal respiratory pathology. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 10, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Vicente Friaza Source Type: research
