Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Induction of ovulation
This review explores the pathophysiology associated with anovulation which affects 30% of cases of infertility. It provides an overview of the evidence based management of different groups of anovulation including role of adjuvant therapies. Anovulation can be effectively managed with induction of ovulation, the aim of which is to restore normal physiological ovulatory function. Weight optimization is the cornerstone of management in functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 27, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Hafiza S. Naseem, Yazan Abdallah Tags: Review Source Type: research

Primary amenorrhoea
Puberty transforms a girl into a fertile woman, and its social importance is so great that any deviation from normality may be the cause of considerable embarrassment and anxiety. Delayed puberty in girls is defined as the absence of physical manifestations of puberty by the age of 13 years. Primary amenorrhoea is the absence of menarche and needs to be evaluated in the context of secondary sexual characteristics. Differential diagnoses can be classified according to the level of gonadotrophins. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 24, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Cara E. Williams Tags: Review Source Type: research

Beyond Montgomery – decision making, consent and the GMC
In November 2020 the General Medical Council (GMC) updated its guidance on decision making and consent. This new document reflects significant legal and ethical developments that have occurred in recent years. It is helpful to understand the context from which this guidance has arisen, and imperative to understand the implications it will have on clinical practice. As such, this article will (i) outline the evolution of consent (ii) briefly explain the landmark case of Montgomery and (iii) highlight the key updates in the GMC's 2020 guidance. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 16, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Anastasia Georgiou, Helen Bolton Tags: Ethics/Education Source Type: research

Management of the critically ill obstetric patient
From 2015 to 2017, 209 women in the United Kingdom died during pregnancy or in the 6-week period postpartum, as a direct or indirect result of the pregnancy, a mortality rate of almost 1 in 10,000. In 44% of cases, care was considered ‘good’, but in 29%, opportunities to improve care were identified that might have altered the outcome in a positive way. The admission rate to intensive care units for women who are pregnant or within the first six postnatal weeks exceeds 1 in 500 maternities, and is more common among women of b lack ethnic origin, older age, or those with severe obesity. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology ...
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 12, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Matthew C. Frise, Charlotte J. Frise Tags: Review Source Type: research

Endometriosis and fertility
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition of reproductive age which can lead to infertility and chronic pelvic pain. The pathophysiology of endometriosis-associated infertility is not well understood and it appears to be multi-factorial; mechanical, inflammatory, hormonal, genetic and environmental processes can disturb each step of the normal reproductive physiology; folliculogenesis, ovulation, sperm function, gamete transport, fertilization and implantation. Medical management has limited role for women with endometriosis wishing to conceive. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 9, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Karolina Skorupskaite, Harish M. Bhandari Tags: Review Source Type: research

Self-assessment questions
(Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 2, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Norman Shreeve Tags: Self-Assessment Source Type: research

Self assessment questions
(Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 2, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Norman Shreeve Tags: Self-assessment Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - April 1, 2021 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Sexual assault and rape
Sexual violence is pervasive in all societies. It can affect men, women and children. Every clinician will come into regular contact with sexual violence victims in one form or another. This review gives a brief overview of the considerations that should be given when dealing with an acute presentation as well as considering the other ways victims of sexual violence may present. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - March 25, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Catherine White Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Antepartum haemorrhage
(APH) is defined as bleeding from, or into, the genital tract, occurring from 24+0 weeks of pregnancy and prior to delivery. It complicates 3 –5% of pregnancies but is seen in up to 20% of very preterm deliveries, and an association with cerebral palsy. MBBRACE -UK 2019 reported that 8% of UK maternal deaths occurred secondary to bleeding (APH&PPH) in pregnancy during the triennium 2015 –2017. The high prevalence and the associated perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity, demands a thorough understanding of APH and this review considers the most common causes of APH (placenta praevia, placental abruption and lo...
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - March 21, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Satya P. Battula, Nihal HA. Mohammed, Shreelata Datta Tags: Case-based learning Source Type: research

Hirsutism
is a common condition affecting women of reproductive age and is associated with significant psychological morbidity. This abnormal excess growth of terminal hair is usually driven by hyperandrogenism, most commonly, polycystic ovarian syndrome. Numerous other causes exist including idiopathic, endocrine or malignant pathologies. This review outlines the aetiology of hirsutism, the clinical assessment of a patient presenting with hirsutism, and treatment options. Mechanical hair removal methods have usually been tried already before a patient seeks medical attention. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - March 12, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Shreeya Tewary, Rhianna Davies, Alka Prakash Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Self assessment questions
(Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - March 5, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Norman Shreeve Tags: Self-assessment Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - March 1, 2021 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Resuscitation of the newborn
Most newborns are vigorous at birth and do not require resuscitation. However, the World Health Organisation has estimated that 10% of all newborn infants need some intervention at birth and approximately 0.5% will require cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Frequently, the need for resuscitation may be anticipated based on maternal and obstetric history, but this is not always the case and therefore anyone involved in the delivery of newborn infants should be trained in resuscitation. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - March 1, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Amy Douthwaite, Nigel Kennea Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

The fetal anomaly scan
Congenital abnormalities are a common cause of perinatal mortality and may have implications for life expectancy and quality of life in the future. Ultrasound screening in pregnancy can detect major congenital abnormalities in 2 –3% of fetuses. Screening provides the opportunity for a diagnosis to be made prior to birth, for further investigations and monitoring to be offered, and for prognosis to be discussed. Conditions may be identified that would benefit from prenatal treatment, delivery at a different centre, or high light that the baby may die shortly after birth. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - February 15, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Robbie Kerr, Rachel Liebling Tags: Review Source Type: research