The Case | Acute kidney injury following infective endocarditis
A 55-year-old woman presented with thunderclap headache and was diagnosed with mitral endocarditis complicated by ruptured intracranial aneurysm. She had a medical history of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Antibiotic therapy consisting of i.v. amoxicillin (12 g/d), and ceftriaxone (4 g/d) was initiated as blood cultures yielded Enterococcus faecalis. One week later, she developed acute kidney injury. (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Cyril Mousseaux, Ellie Tang, Maxime Tristant, Yosu Luque, Vincent Frochot, Laurent Mesnard, Dominique Bazin, C édric Rafat, David Buob, Emmanuel Letavernier Tags: Make Your Diagnosis Source Type: research
A first small step toward personalized immunosuppression
Lloberas et al. provide further evidence for the benefits of an individualized tacrolimus dosing algorithm based on population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics. Better tacrolimus dosing could prevent underexposure and overexposure and potentially save costs. Most important, this could be the start of pre cision medicine in kidney transplantation, incorporating improved immunologic and donor quality assessments, advanced biopsy readouts, innovative pharmacogenomics for drug safety, and novel diagnostic and outcome algorithms to guide a truly personalized therapy. (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Klemens Budde, Lionel Rostaing Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
The conclusion that myeloperoxidase inhibition is not protective against anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody –associated vasculitis is premature
Florez-Barros et al. assert that myeloperoxidase inhibitor (MPO-I) was not protective against anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) vasculitis, as MPO-I failed to ameliorate kidney function, proteinuria, or pathologic findings in vivo.1 However, their observations are insufficient to assess its renal protective effect for 3 reasons. (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tomoki Taniguchi, Ryosuke Hiwa, Akio Morinobu Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
The authors reply
We appreciate the interest in our article shown in this letter by Taniguchi et al.1 We disagree with the suggestion that the dose of myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitor AZD5904 may have been insufficient. In our paper, Supplementary Figure S3 shows pharmacokinetic and in vitro studies that informed our choice of dosage.2 MPO inhibition in vivo was then confirmed, as shown in F igure 2h, with a marked reduction in peroxidase staining in neutrophils from mice given inhibitor, compared with control. Furthermore, the dose of the second MPO inhibitor AZM198 was the same as that used in a study showing a therapeutic effect in t...
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Fernanda Florez-Barros, Siobhan Bearder, Bengt Kull, Adrian Freeman, Attila M ócsai, Michael G. Robson Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Suppressing succinate accumulation during ischemia protects the kidney from IRI
This study suggests that PDK4 inhibition is a promising new treatment strategy for ischemic acute kidney injury. (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nobuaki Nishima, Shinji Tanaka Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Using causal directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to select patient-important outcomes in transplantation trials —interventions to treat polyomavirus infection as an example
Transplantation can be life-changing for those with kidney failure because it improves their overall quality of life and survival. However, transplantation is not a cure and comes with complications. With the advent of improved immunosuppressive therapy and surgical techniques, short-term graft and patient survival have improved considerably over the past 3 decades. By contrast, improvements in longer-term graft and patient outcomes have been more modest. The key challenge of transplantation is to optimize graft function whilst avoiding complications associated with over-immunosuppression, such as opportunistic infections ...
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Yue Wu, Michael Dymock, Ryan Gately, Julie A. Marsh, Carmel Hawley, Germaine Wong, Thomas L. Snelling Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Linking donor-specific antibody generation with natural killer cells in antibody-mediated kidney graft rejection
Natural killer (NK) cell infiltration of kidney allografts is a distinguishing feature of antibody-mediated rejection. Bailly et al. identify a distinct population of cytotoxic CD160+ interleukin-21 receptor+ CD56dimCD16bright NK cells that are uniquely found in the peripheral blood of donor-specific antibody–positive kidney transplant recipients and are present in kidney allografts with active antibody-mediated rejection . This population is implicated in a T follicular helper/interleukin-21/NK cell axis that links donor-specific antibody generation with graft-infiltrating NK cells in antibody-mediated rejection. (Sou...
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Griffith B. Perkins, Robert L. Fairchild Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Corrigendum to “International Society of Nephrology first consensus guidance for preclinical animal studies in translational nephrology.” Kidney International, 2023;104:36–45
DOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2023.03.007 (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Masaomi Nangaku, A. Richard Kitching, Peter Boor, Alessia Fornoni, J ürgen Floege, P. Toby Coates, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Rachel Lennon, Hans-Joachim Anders, Benjamin D. Humphreys, Fergus J. Caskey, Agnes B. Fogo, the TRANSFORM group Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
The authors reply
We are extremely grateful to Stigant et al. for their letter highlighting additional aspects of the complexities around the water issue in dialysis,1 as discussed in our article.2 We agree with them that wise use of existing resources, minimizing unnecessary procedures, and adapting operation times could result in further gains, and we thank them for reminding us of elements that should be implicit in hospital management in general. (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mohamed Ben Hmida, Tahar Mechichi, Giorgina Barbara Piccoli, Mohamed Ksibi Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Prioritizing water stewardship in kidney replacement therapies
We read with interest Ben Hmida et al.’s article, Water Implications in Dialysis Therapy, Threats and Opportunities to Reduce Water Consumption: A Call for the Planet, and we laud the authors’ system-focused approach to global stewardship of this most precious resource.1 We suggest the following 2 additional measures to minimiz e dialysis water consumption: sorbent-based systems capable of dialysate regeneration; and economization of water use by working with water-treatment providers to optimize system settings in existing hemodialysis infrastructure (noting that optimizing existing systems also yields carbon-emissi...
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Caroline E. Stigant, Katherine A. Barraclough, Mark Harber, Nigel S. Kanagasundaram, David S. Goldfarb, Charu Malik, Vivekanand Jha, Raymond C. Vanholder Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Autoregulatory mission impossible: when afferent arterioles lose contractility
The myogenic response of afferent arterioles is a key autoregulatory mechanism that protects the glomeruli from barotrauma. Afferent arteriolar smooth muscle cells contract to increased intraluminal pressure through mechanosensitive cation channels and interactions between integrin and extracellular matrix that trigger calcium-dependent actomyosin contraction. The study by Feng et al. provides evidence supporting the concept that increased matrix metalloproteinase 9 in kidney microvessels of Dahl salt-sensitive rats interferes with integrin-matrix binding and promotes phenotypic transformation of afferent arterioles, cau...
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jing Wu, Thu H. Le Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
journal club
Wu et al. (Nat Med. 2023;29:190–202.) (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Journal Club Source Type: research
in this issue
Tacrolimus (TAC) is traditionally dosed by body weight. This approach often leads to underdosing and overdosing. In a prospective, randomized, open-label trial, Lloberas and colleagues compared traditional TAC dosing to dosing guided by a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) algorithm. The algorithm was based on age and CYP3A4, CYP3A5 genotypes that regulate TAC metabolism. Patients who received PPK-based dosing reached the target TAC trough level significantly more often than those who were dosed conventionally, and within a shorter timeframe. (Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: In This Issue Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Kidney International)
Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Subscription Information
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Source: Kidney International - September 20, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
