Optic Nerve Aplasia
Conclusion:
ONA is a unilateral or bilateral condition that may be associated with anomalies of the anterior or posterior segment with or without systemic findings. Rudimentary optic nerve on neuroimaging in one case suggests that ONA is on the continuum of optic nerve hypoplasia. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Thinking Beyond Giant Cell Arteritis in COVID-19 Times
Conclusions:
These 2 cases highlight another set of symptoms that COVID-19 patients may present with. In the context of a COVID-19 pandemic, if a patient presents symptoms similar to GCA but with isolated CRP, it should prompt consideration for COVID testing. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Retinal Vasculopathy With Cerebral Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Manifestations: A Monogenic Small Vessel Disease
Background:
Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is a monogenic small vessel disease caused by mutations in TREX1. Several organs, including retina and brain, are affected. Analyzing retinal anatomy is increasingly used as a biomarker for ophthalmological and neurological disorders (due to the shared embryological origin of retina and brain). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides a noninvasive cross-sectional visualization of optic disc and macula. We aimed to use OCT to investigate retinal layer thickness in RVCL-S.
Methods:
Cross-sectional, 17 TREX1 ...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Vitreoretinal Findings in Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Conclusions:
A substantial number of patients with NAION have subretinal fluid on OCT, consistent with prior reports. Resolution of subfoveal fluid may result in some recovery of visual acuity. Other retinal changes, such as intraretinal cysts and HRD, are present but have unclear implications. We did not find evidence of a primary role of VPT in the pathophysiology of NAION. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Dialysis-Associated Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: A Case Series and Review
Conclusions:
Neuro-ophthalmologists have an important role in identifying patients who have suffered DA-NAION and communicating their findings to nephrologists to minimize the chance of involvement of the fellow eye and recurrence in the same eye. Intradialytic blood pressure must be closely monitored, and fluid balance, dialysate composition, and dialysis protocol must be optimized to prevent occurrence of intradialytic hypotension, which is the culprit for DA-NAION. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Quantitative Analysis of Radial Peripapillary Capillary Network in Patients With Papilledema Compared with Healthy Subjects Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Background:
To quantitatively compare the peripapillary microvascular network between patients with papilledema and healthy subjects using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography.
Methods:
In this retrospective observational study, patients with papilledema secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension and healthy controls were imaged with swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (PLEX Elite 9000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) using a 6 × 6 mm scan pattern centered on the optic disc. The capillary perfusion density (CPD) and capillary flux index (CFI) of the radial peripapillary...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Ophthalmological Evaluation in Children Presenting With a Primary Brain Tumor
Conclusions:
In this study, most children with a primary brain tumor underwent ophthalmological evaluation around diagnosis, 21% of the children were not evaluated. The high prevalence of abnormal ophthalmological findings stresses the importance of early standardized ophthalmological evaluation to detect visual impairment and provide timely treatment to potentially prevent permanent visual loss. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Multidomain Cognitive Impairment in Children With Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome
Background:
Although prompt and suitable treatment of pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) leads to an excellent prognosis and can prevent optic nerve atrophy, adults show long-lasting neurocognitive deficits even with prompt treatment. The purpose of our study was to evaluate cognitive outcomes in pediatric patients with PTCS.
Methods:
We performed a prospective study on children diagnosed with PTCS and a healthy control group. Children with pre-existing neurological conditions or psychiatric drug use were excluded. Both groups underwent a neurocognitive evaluation, using the NeuroTrax computerized battery of te...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Increase in Pediatric Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome Emergency Department Visits, Inpatient Admissions, and Surgeries During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Conclusions:
At our children's hospital, the rate of inpatient admissions and emergency department visits for pediatric PTCS increased during the pandemic. The severity of disease and frequency of surgical treatment also increased. Racial and ethnic minorities seem to be disproportionately affected. These changes may be related to increasing rates of childhood obesity during the pandemic. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Anemia and Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusions:
Anemia is significantly more common in IIH compared with control patients, and case reports suggest a direct relationship. Complete blood counts should be considered in all patients with papilledema, particularly in atypical presentations (male, nonobese, nonperipapillary retinal hemorrhages, prominent risk factor for anemia) or in treatment-refractory IIH. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
“More Guts Than Brains?”–The Role of Gut Microbiota in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Background:
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension syndrome (IIH) is most common among obese women. Weight loss is an important factor in improving papilledema. Over the last decade, growing evidence has identified gut microbiota as a potential factor in the pathophysiology of obesity. Accordingly, we investigated whether the gut microbiome is modified in IIH patients compared with healthy controls, and provide possible new treatment venues.
Methods:
Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the gut microbiome of 25 cases of IIH patients (according to the modified Dandy criteria) and 20 healthy controls. Participants were...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Population-Based Evaluation of Indirect Signs of Increased Intracranial Pressure
Background:
The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA) is a unique prospective study that systematically evaluates the normal aging population and includes many participants undergoing both MRI and lumbar puncture (LP). Using MCSA date, we aimed to determine the prevalence of indirect signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) on MRI and whether these correlate with LP opening pressure (OP). This is a large-scale study that evaluates how often indirect signs of increased ICP occur in a normal population.
Methods:
MCSA participants who had an MRI within 3 months of an LP with recorded OP were included in the study. M...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Orbital Inflammation in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Conclusion:
Orbital inflammation is a unique and underrecognized phenotype of MOG-AD with only a few reports in the literature. In patients who present with vision loss and orbital inflammation, MOG-AD should be considered in the differential. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology)
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Bruch Membrane Opening Minimum Rim Width in Neuromyelitis Optica
Background:
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) analyzes the neurodegeneration in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) and quantifies optical atrophy. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness are decreased, and this structural change is correlated with visual function of patients, including contrast vision and visual field deviation. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the Bruch membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO) of the patients with NMO.
Methods:
We studied the thickness of the BMO by OCT, in patients with NMO (n = 25; 34 eyes), MS (n = 50;...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
Optic Neuritis–Independent Retinal Atrophy in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
The objective of our study was to examine whether patients with aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG seropositive NMOSD exhibit progressive retinal neuroaxonal loss, independently of optic neuritis (ON) attacks.
Methods:
In this single-center, longitudinal study, 32 AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD patients and 48 healthy controls (HC) were followed with serial spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and visual acuity (VA) assessments. NMOSD patients with ON less than 6 months before baseline were excluded, whereas data from patients with ON during follow-up were censored at the last visit before ON. VA worsening was defined as a decrease in...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 25, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research
