Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Improving the synergistic combination of programmed death ‐1/programmed death ligand‐1 blockade and radiotherapy by targeting the hypoxic tumour microenvironment
SummaryImmune checkpoint inhibition with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade is a promising area in the field of anti-cancer therapy. Although clinical data have revealed success of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade as monotherapy or in combination with CTLA-4 or chemotherapy, the combination with radiotherapy could further boost anti-tumour immunity and enhance clinical outcomes due to the immunostimulatory effects of radiation. However, the synergistic combination of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and radiotherapy can be challenged by the complex nature of the tumour microenvironment (TME), including the presence of tumour hypoxia. Hypoxia is a major barrier to...
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 25, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Faiqa Mudassar, Han Shen, Kristina M Cook, Eric Hau Tags: Radiation Oncology —Review Article Source Type: research

Impact of DNA damage response defects in cancer cells on response to immunotherapy and radiotherapy
AbstractThe DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex set of downstream pathways triggered in response to DNA damage to maintain genomic stability. Many tumours exhibit mutations which inactivate components of the DDR, making them prone to the accumulation of DNA defects. These can both facilitate the development of tumours and provide potential targets for novel therapeutic interventions. The inhibition of the DDR has been shown to induce radiosensitivity in certain cancers, rendering them susceptible to treatment with radiotherapy and improving the therapeutic window. Moreover, DDR defects are a strong predictor of patient ...
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 23, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Daniel Czajkowski, Rados ław Szmyd, Harriet E Gee Tags: Radiation Oncology —Review Article Source Type: research

Corrigendum
(Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 16, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Pseudoendoleak: A post ‐endovascular aortic repair ultrasound surveillance pitfall – Single institution case series
ConclusionsIn cases of positive post-EVAR CDUS, CEUS is an effective tool to exclude the presence of pseudoendoleak and thus avoid further and potentially invasive diagnostic modalities in an elderly and comorbid cohort. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 11, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: James P Lisik, Greg Curry, Timothy Buckenham Tags: Medical Imaging —Original Article Source Type: research

Role of CT angiography and therapeutic anticoagulation in patients presenting to the emergency department with acute gastrointestinal bleeding
ConclusionsThe presence of anticoagulation has a significant impact on the decision not to perform interventional treatments on patients with acute GIB when CTA is positive. Anticoagulant reversal and volume resuscitation are important front-line measures, and CTA may have a role for those anticoagulated who are haemodynamically unstable after resuscitation. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 9, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Chris Newman, Rohan Nandurkar, David Holcdorf, Jan Gerstenmaier, Peter Tagkalidis, Warren Clements Tags: Medical Imaging —Original Article Source Type: research

Use of computed tomography left atrial appendage as an alternative to trans ‐oesophageal echocardiography during the COVID‐19 pandemic
(Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 8, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: William Thomas, Melanie Werkmeister, Edward O'Rourke, Stephen Ward, Louise Bentley, Manuja Premaratne Tags: Medical Imaging —View Point Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 4, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Disparities in radiation therapy utilization for cancer patients in Victoria
ConclusionIn this large population-based state-wide cohort of cancer patients, only 1 in 4 had RT within 12  months of diagnosis. There were marked sociodemographic disparities in RTU12 for prostate, breast and lung cancer patients. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - April 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Wee Loon Ong, Norah Finn, Luc Te Marvelde, Colin Hornby, Roger L Milne, Gerard G Hanna, Graham Pitson, Hany Elsaleh, Jeremy L Millar, Farshad Foroudi Tags: Radiation Oncology —Original Article Source Type: research

Immunotherapy and Transarterial therapy of HCC: What the interventional radiologist needs to know about the changing landscape of HCC treatment?
AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and its incidence is increasing in Australia. Transarterial therapy, predominantly transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) but increasingly transarterial radioembolization (TARE), plays an important role in patients with intermediate-stage disease and preserved liver function. However, despite advances in TACE, TARE and adjunctive procedures, overall survival has only modestly increased over the last 20  years. Immunotherapy has emerged as a newer cancer treatment and uses antibodies directed at checkpoint inhibitors to upregulate T-cell med...
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - March 31, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Jonathan Tibballs, Warren Clements Tags: Medical Imaging —Original Article Source Type: research

Basic cancer immunology for radiation oncologists
SummaryAlthough the impressive clinical responses seen with modern cancer immunotherapy are currently limited to a subset of patients, the underlying paradigm shift has resulted in now hardly a segment in oncology that has not been touched by the immuno-oncology revolution. A growing body of data indicates that radiation therapy (RT) can modulate the tumour immune microenvironment and complement cancer immunotherapy via non-overlapping mechanisms to reinvigorate immunity against cancer. Thus, increasingly RT is viewed as a highly unique partner for immunotherapy across the spectrum of cancer settings, as radiobiology and c...
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - March 30, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Joseph Sia, Paul J Neeson, Nicole M Haynes Tags: Radiation Oncology —Review Article Source Type: research

Accuracy of ultrasound in the estimation of customised birth weight in a public hospital service
ConclusionThe accuracy of Ultrasound EFW overall is good, however, is reduced in SGA babies whose EFW and birth weight centile categories tended to be overestimated. The high specificity for SGA supports monitoring with a lowered threshold to intervene in pregnancies identified by ultrasound as SGA. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - March 29, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Noor Ridha, Colleen J Bergin, Joanne Kelly, Gregory P Tarr, Ngaire Anderson, Lynn Sadler Tags: Medical Imaging —Original Article Source Type: research

Stereotactic radiosurgery for melanoma brain metastases: Concurrent immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy associated with superior clinicoradiological response outcomes
ConclusionConcurrent SRS-IT has favourable clinical and radiological outcomes with respect to CR, PR and a reduced likelihood of PD. Changes in BM volume on the initial MRI 3  months after SRS were predictive of long-term outcomes for treatment response. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - March 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Mihir D Shanker, Sidyarth Garimall, Nick Gatt, Heath Foley, Samuel Crowley, Emma Le Cornu, Kendall Muscat, Wei Soon, Victoria Atkinson, Wen Xu, Trevor Watkins, Michael Huo, Matthew C Foote, Mark B Pinkham Tags: Radiation Oncology —Original Article Source Type: research

The changing radiation oncology landscape in New Zealand
ConclusionThe survey results indicate a rapidly changing radiation oncology landscape in NZ between 2011 and 2019. The challenges of increases in cancer numbers, treatment courses and complexity of treatments and a need to focus on quality standards against a set of minimal increase in machine numbers, ageing machines, static or slowly increasing staffing numbers and heavy reliance on overseas staffing require a national review of radiation oncology services to ensure a sustainable future. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - March 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Melissa James, Philip L Munro, Gerard Adams, Sandra Keogh, FRANZCR FRO Economics and Workforce Committee Tags: Radiation Oncology —Original Article Source Type: research

Randomised controlled trial on the effect of simethicone bowel preparation on rectal variability during image ‐guided radiation therapy for prostate cancer (SPoRT study)
ConclusionsSimethicone did not decrease the RV or GV overall. However, simethicone appeared to significantly decrease the RV variability from Week three onwards. This suggests that taking simethicone two to three weeks before starting radiation therapy may reduce RV variability, although a larger study is needed to confirm this. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - March 25, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Jennifer Ward, Suki Gill, Kevin Armstrong, Tamara Fogarty, Daren Tan, Alison Scott, Aylin Yahya, Satvinder Singh Dhaliwal, Angela Jacques, Colin Tang Tags: Radiation Oncology —Original Article Source Type: research

Induction chemotherapy followed by radical chemoradiotherapy for patients with stage IV non ‐metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: 11‐Year Experience in a tertiary centre
ConclusionOur study demonstrated improved dosimetric parameters and low isolated marginal failure rate. It supported the use of IC and CCRT for tumours located close to critical OARs. Further research is warranted to compare predictive roles of pre- and post-IC tumour volumes. For high-risk patients being defined by pre-IC volume or other prognostic models, treatment escalation should be considered. (Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology)
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - March 20, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Wesley Yuen Lum Choi, Jessica Wing Yu Lai, Ellen Lok Man Yu, Yiu Hei Choy, Ying Na Lam, Raymond Ka Yan Wong, Ashley Chi Kin Cheng Tags: Radiation Oncology —Original Article Source Type: research