A Study of Households with Children and Firearms in Baltimore, Maryland
The objective was to pilot a survey seeking to describe sociodemographic characteristics, firearm specific risk factors, and firearm storage practices of households with children in the community. One hundred participants completed a survey containing items regarding participant demographics, household features, firearm ownership, firearm characteristics, and storage practices. Descriptive statistics were used to define sociodemographic characteristics of the enrolled population, comparing those with firearms to those without, and to describe firearms and storage practices of firearm owners in households with children. Of ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 19, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
An Exploration of Rural Housing Insecurity as a Public Health Problem in California ’s Rural Northern Counties
AbstractAlthough widely acknowledged as an important social determinant of health, until recently researchers and policymakers have primarily approached housing insecurity as an urban issue, obscuring the visibility of its impacts in rural contexts, including the ways in which housing insecurity intersects with other health and structural inequities facing rural populations. Working to address this gap in the existing literature, this paper explores the experiences of housing insecurity in a rural context by reporting on an analysis of 210 in-depth interviews with 153 adults between the ages of 18 –35, living in Californ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 19, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Role of the Perceived Neighborhood Social Environment on Adolescent Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity: Findings from Add Health
This study aimed to examine the associations of the perceived neighborhood social environment with (SB) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Data from 6504 adolescents (aged 15.4 ± 0.03 years) who participated in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health was used. SB and PA were considered continuously and dichotomously. PNSE variables include safety, social cohesion, and contentedness, where higher values of PNSE indicate a more favorable neighborhood perce ption. Weighted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association of PNSE with continuous total SB (hours/week)...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 19, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
A Study of Households with Children and Firearms in Baltimore, Maryland
The objective was to pilot a survey seeking to describe sociodemographic characteristics, firearm specific risk factors, and firearm storage practices of households with children in the community. One hundred participants completed a survey containing items regarding participant demographics, household features, firearm ownership, firearm characteristics, and storage practices. Descriptive statistics were used to define sociodemographic characteristics of the enrolled population, comparing those with firearms to those without, and to describe firearms and storage practices of firearm owners in households with children. Of ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 19, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
An Exploration of Rural Housing Insecurity as a Public Health Problem in California ’s Rural Northern Counties
AbstractAlthough widely acknowledged as an important social determinant of health, until recently researchers and policymakers have primarily approached housing insecurity as an urban issue, obscuring the visibility of its impacts in rural contexts, including the ways in which housing insecurity intersects with other health and structural inequities facing rural populations. Working to address this gap in the existing literature, this paper explores the experiences of housing insecurity in a rural context by reporting on an analysis of 210 in-depth interviews with 153 adults between the ages of 18 –35, living in Californ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 19, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Role of the Perceived Neighborhood Social Environment on Adolescent Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity: Findings from Add Health
This study aimed to examine the associations of the perceived neighborhood social environment with (SB) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Data from 6504 adolescents (aged 15.4 ± 0.03 years) who participated in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health was used. SB and PA were considered continuously and dichotomously. PNSE variables include safety, social cohesion, and contentedness, where higher values of PNSE indicate a more favorable neighborhood perce ption. Weighted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association of PNSE with continuous total SB (hours/week)...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 19, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Financing Thresholds for Sustainability of Community Health Worker Programs for Patients Receiving Medicaid Across the United States
AbstractStates have turned to novel Medicaid financing to pay for community health worker (CHW) programs, often through fee-for-service or capitated payments. We sought to estimate Medicaid payment rates to ensure CHW program sustainability. A microsimulation model was constructed to estimate CHW salaries, equipment, transportation, space, and benefits costs across the U.S. Fee-for-service rates per 30-min CHW visit (code 98960) and capitated rates were calculated for financial sustainability. The mean CHW hourly wage was $23.51, varying from $15.90 in Puerto Rico to $31.61 in Rhode Island. Overhead per work hour averag...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 4, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Firearm Mortality of Non-Hispanic Black Americans by Law Enforcement, 2011 –2020
AbstractLaw enforcement officers in the U.S. are more likely to use lethal force against non-Hispanic Black citizens than on their non-Hispanic White counterparts. The purpose of this study was to assess estimates of the national prevalence of fatal firearm violence by law enforcement officers (LEOs) against non-Hispanic Black Americans. The Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were analyzed using descriptive statistics and joinpoint regression from 2011 to 2020. During the decade (2011 –2020) LEOs fatally shot 5,073 citizens and 1,170 ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 1, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Evaluating COVID-19 Risk to Essential Workers by Occupational Group: A Case Study in Massachusetts
AbstractOccupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 varies by profession, but “essential workers” are often considered in aggregate in COVID-19 models. This aggregation complicates efforts to understand risks to specific types of workers or industries and target interventions, specifically towards non-healthcare workers. We used census tract-resolution American Communit y Survey data to develop novel essential worker categories among the occupations designated as COVID-19 Essential Services in Massachusetts. Census tract-resolution COVID-19 cases and deaths were provided by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health. We ev...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 1, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices About Zika Virus Infection Among Women of Reproductive Age in Central Brooklyn, New York City, USA
AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) is spread by mosquitos, sexual intercourse and vertically during pregnancy. The 2015 –2016 ZIKV epidemic infected millions in the Americas and resulted in thousands of infants born with malformations. Though the clusters of severe birth defects have subsided since 2017, ZIKV transmission remains a concern throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. Travel-associated and sexually-t ransmitted Zika, therefore, remain potential routes of transmission for women of reproductive age and their partners. This is particularly true for communities with high immigrant and foreign-born populations in Centra...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 1, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Trusted Information Sources About the COVID-19 Vaccine Vary in Underserved Communities
This study aimed to identify disparate COVID-19 vaccine uptake among individuals in Western New York. The primary objective was to identify the factors contributing to lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination within this population.Data were collected from 585 adults recruited from 20 Niagara and Erie Counties sites using a self-administered survey on vaccine hesitancy, vaccination status, and COVID-19-related characteristics. The survey included the adult Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (aVHS) and acquired information on demographic characteristics and COVID-19 impact, knowledge, and information sources. Data were analyzed using descr...
Source: Journal of Community Health - February 1, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Assessing Physicians ’ Recommendations for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Testing Among Minority Populations in Greater Philadelphia and New York City
In this study, we examined associations between physicians ’ recommendations for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors among minority populations in the areas of Greater Philadelphia and New York City. Using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, we evaluated potential associa tions for 576 Hispanic American (HA), African American (AA), and Asian Pacific American (APA) adults, using blood tests as an outcome measure, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors We found that APAs (34.2%) were most likely to have a physician recommend HBV and ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - January 29, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
High Interest in the Use of mHealth Platform for HIV Prevention among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Nepal
AbstractMobile technology growth in Nepal offers promising opportunities for using mobile health (mHealth) interventions to facilitate HIV prevention efforts. However, little is known about access and utilization of communication technology and their willingness to use mHealth for HIV prevention services in Nepal. We conducted a cross-sectional respondent-driven sampling survey of 250 MSM in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal from October to December 2022. We collected information on participant characteristics, HIV risk-related behaviors, ownership, or access to and frequency of use of communication technology (phones, tablets, la...
Source: Journal of Community Health - January 28, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Reducing the Likelihood of Opioid Overdose Fatalities on College and University Campuses: An Action Plan and Model
AbstractFor more than two decades there has been a continuous rise in opioid overdose related deaths. The majority of the deaths include the age range when, traditionally, individuals are likely to attend college or university. As a result, Vassar College has taken the important initiative and created and implemented a new opioid overdose intervention strategy and action plan calledAED+. AED+ expands onthe Model of Greater Awareness, Training and Increased Availability of and Accessibility to Life Saving Intervention Devices; a model that was created based on AED devices improving outcomes ofout-of-hospital cardiac arre...
Source: Journal of Community Health - January 24, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
