The Creation of a Field Manual for Community Health Workers to Teach Child Health and Development During Home Visits: A Case Study of Participatory Content Creation
AbstractCommunity health workers (CHWs) play a crucial role in improving child health and development in underserved populations. However, CHWs often face challenges in accessing appropriate guidance and materials for their home visits, hindering their ability to deliver accurate and relevant information to families. Extensive searches for existing resources were conducted to search for established field manual guidebooks for CHWs, however, no suitable material was found, highlighting the need for this case study. The exercise aimed to develop a comprehensive field manual guidebook and animated videos to support CHWs in th...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Substance Use Patterns and Their Association with Depression and Social Factors During COVID-19 Among Harlem Residents in New York City
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of substance use before and during COVID-19; and examined its association with depression and social factors among 437 residents from the neighborhood of Harlem in Northern Manhattan, New York City. Over a third of respondents reported using any substance before COVID-19, and initiating/increasing substance use during COVID-19. The most common substances used before COVID-19 and initiated/increased during COVID-19 were smoking (20.8% vs. 18.3%), marijuana (18.8% vs. 15.3%), and vaping (14.2% and 11.4%). The percentages of any hard drug use were 7.3% and 3.4%, respectively. After ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Identifying Risk Factors Associated with Repeated Referrals Within a Pediatric Navigation Program
This study examines factors associated with repeated referrals to an active PNP to inform ongoing referral patterns and adaptations to standard navigation support within a large healthcare system in South Carolina (SC). Data is sourced from the inception of the PNP in 2017 through 2022, including 15,702 referrals. Overall, 71.07% had no repeated referrals. Children who are older, diagnosed with attention deficit disorder(s), behavioral concerns, depression, multiple referral needs, and insured by Medicaid were found to be most susceptible to repeated referrals. Conversely, children who are non-Hispanic Black, were referred...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Association of Untreated Mental Health Problems with Alcohol and Tobacco use Among New York City Taxi Drivers
Conclusions: Few drivers with mental health problems receive treatment. In line with the self-medica tion hypothesis, drivers with untreated mental health problems demonstrated significantly increased risk of tobacco and alcohol use. Efforts to encourage timely screening and treatment of mental health problems among taxi drivers are warranted. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Expanding Access to Psychiatric Care Through Universal Depression Screening: Lessons from an Urban Student-Run Free Clinic
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to report the utility of a universal depression screening in a student-run free clinic (SRFC) to improve bridging to psychiatric care. Patients (n = 224) seen by an SRFC between April 2017 and November 2022 were screened for depression in the patient’s primary language using the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). A PHQ-9 score greater or equal to 5 prompted psychiatry referral. Retrospective chart review was conducted to determine clinical characteristics and length of psychiatry follow-up. Out of 224 patients screened, 77 patients had positive depression screen...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Migration Status and Utilization of Healthcare Services Among Venezuelan Immigrants in Peru
Conclusion: 58.1% of Venezuelan migrants in Peru did not seek medical attention despite having health problems. Having an illegal immigration status leads to a lower probability of using these services, especially in men. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Descriptive Epidemiology of Fatal Law Enforcement Interactions with Teenagers, 2010 –2020
AbstractThere is a dearth of population studies regarding law enforcement officers (LEOs) use of fatal force against teenagers. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to characterize the teens most likely to be killed, the methods used to fatally injure teenagers, the geographic distribution of the killings, and the years of potential life lost before the age of 80 years (YPLL80) due to LEO interactions. Data from the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were analyzed for the years 2010 –2020. LEOs killed 330 teenagers; most were ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
How Communities Can Help Their Schools from Becoming the Next Active Shooting Site: The Menu Approach
(Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - October 6, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Costs of Operating a Student-run Free Clinic
Conclusions: Categorizing costs can show where cost savings and cost-effective additions may be implemented. This study may serve as a financial and budgeting reference for other clinics. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - October 6, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
A Resilience Program for Hospital Security Officers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using a Community Engagement Model
AbstractSecurity officers in health systems are subject to high levels of stress and current support interventions do not necessarily target their needs. To address this gap, a resilience center at a major urban tertiary care hospital utilized community engagement principles to adapt and implement resilience and mental health awareness workshops, which were informed by initial piloting. The program consisted of twelve short briefings in which officers were provided psychoeducation on psychological first aid and adaptive coping. The program reached 107 security officers (89.5% men, 95.2% people of color); both qualitative a...
Source: Journal of Community Health - October 6, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
E-cigarette Use Among Community-Recruited Adults with a History of Asthma in North Central Florida
We examined associations between lifetime e-cigarette use and traditional cigarette use, cannabis use, and related health factors among community members with a history of asthma in North Central Florida. Data came from HealthStreet, a University of Florida community engagement program. Adults with a history of asthma (n = 1,475) were interviewed between 2014 and 2021. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine differences between participants with and without a history of lifetime e-cigarette use. In this sample, lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use was 19.9%. Over half of the sampl e repor...
Source: Journal of Community Health - October 6, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Creation of a Field Manual for Community Health Workers to Teach Child Health and Development During Home Visits: A Case Study of Participatory Content Creation
AbstractCommunity health workers (CHWs) play a crucial role in improving child health and development in underserved populations. However, CHWs often face challenges in accessing appropriate guidance and materials for their home visits, hindering their ability to deliver accurate and relevant information to families. Extensive searches for existing resources were conducted to search for established field manual guidebooks for CHWs, however, no suitable material was found, highlighting the need for this case study. The exercise aimed to develop a comprehensive field manual guidebook and animated videos to support CHWs in th...
Source: Journal of Community Health - October 6, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Identifying Risk Factors Associated with Repeated Referrals Within a Pediatric Navigation Program
This study examines factors associated with repeated referrals to an active PNP to inform ongoing referral patterns and adaptations to standard navigation support within a large healthcare system in South Carolina (SC). Data is sourced from the inception of the PNP in 2017 through 2022, including 15,702 referrals. Overall, 71.07% had no repeated referrals. Children who are older, diagnosed with attention deficit disorder(s), behavioral concerns, depression, multiple referral needs, and insured by Medicaid were found to be most susceptible to repeated referrals. Conversely, children who are non-Hispanic Black, were referred...
Source: Journal of Community Health - October 6, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Correction to: Assessment of Critical Health and Safety Risks in Homes where Hoarding is Prevalent
(Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - October 4, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Screening for Social Determinants of Health Among Medicare Beneficiaries in Primary Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Prince George ’s County, Maryland
AbstractPrimary care providers in Prince George ’s County, Maryland reported inconsistencies in their ability to identify and refer patients with social care needs. This project aimed to improve health outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries by implementing social determinant of health (SDOH) screening to identify unmet needs and improve rates of re ferral to appropriate services. Buy-in was achieved from providers and frontline staff via stakeholder meetings at a private primary care group practice. TheHealth Leads questionnaire was modified and integrated into the electronic health record. Medical assistants (MA) were train...
Source: Journal of Community Health - September 18, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
