Expanding Access to Psychiatric Care Through Universal Depression Screening: Lessons from an Urban Student-Run Free Clinic
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to report the utility of a universal depression screening in a student-run free clinic (SRFC) to improve bridging to psychiatric care. Patients (n = 224) seen by an SRFC between April 2017 and November 2022 were screened for depression in the patient’s primary language using the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). A PHQ-9 score greater or equal to 5 prompted psychiatry referral. Retrospective chart review was conducted to determine clinical characteristics and length of psychiatry follow-up. Out of 224 patients screened, 77 patients had positive depression screen...
Source: Journal of Community Health - July 3, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Newly Acquired Burnout During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study on the Experiences of New York State Primary Care Clinicians
AbstractThe well-being of primary care clinicians represents an area of increasing interest amid concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated already high prevalence rates of clinician burnout. This retrospective cohort study was designed to identify demographic, clinical, and work-specific factors that may have contributed to newly acquired burnout after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. An anonymous web-based questionnaire distributed in August 2020 to New York State (NYS) primary care clinicians, via email outreach and newsletters, produced 1,499 NYS primary care clinician survey respondents. Burnout asses...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 29, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Association of Untreated Mental Health Problems with Alcohol and Tobacco use Among New York City Taxi Drivers
Conclusions: Few drivers with mental health problems receive treatment. In line with the self-medica tion hypothesis, drivers with untreated mental health problems demonstrated significantly increased risk of tobacco and alcohol use. Efforts to encourage timely screening and treatment of mental health problems among taxi drivers are warranted. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 16, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Examining the Relationship Between Rurality, Risk Perception, and COVID-19 Vaccine Willingness Among Rural Latinos in Arizona and California
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between rurality and risk perception of getting or transmitting COVID-19 and willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine in a sample of Latinos across Arizona and California ’s Central Valley (n = 419). The results revealed that rural Latinos are more concerned about getting and transmitting COVID-19, but less willing to get vaccinated. Our findings suggest that perceptions of risk alone do not play a sole role in influencing risk management behavior among rural L atinos. While rural Latinos may have heightened perception of the risks associated with COVID-19, vaccine hesi...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 15, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
“They Protect us as if they were our Mom” Masking Attitudes from Freelist Survey Data and Qualitative Interviews in San Diego School Communities
Discussion: Masking is an affordable individua l-level risk mitigation that protects the communities that have inequitably shouldered the burdens of the COVID-19 pandemic. We recommend that policymakers prioritize the views of those most impacted when deciding on risk mitigation policies like school masking. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Observed face mask use outside retail chain stores during the COVID-19 pandemic in two cities in the state of Idaho, USA
This study provided a rapid, nonconfrontational assessment of public use of mitiga tion measures in 2 Idaho cities during a COVID-19 surge. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Reflections on the New York City Health Czar Proposal of 1977 and Its Origins
AbstractNew York City ’s fiscal crisis of 1975 was the result of many years of deficit spending to support a variety of expanded services and generous union contracts. These deficits were covered for years by the issuance of city short-term notes and long-term bonds. Eventually, the city’s mounting debt of $14 billio n led to its inability to sell its notes and bonds. In order to deal with the possibility of the city’s financial collapse, the governor of New York State and the state legislature created the Emergency Financial Control Board (EFCB), whose purpose was to manage the city’s budget and cost reduct ion pl...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 12, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Descriptive Epidemiology of Fatal Law Enforcement Interactions with Teenagers, 2010 –2020
AbstractThere is a dearth of population studies regarding law enforcement officers (LEOs) use of fatal force against teenagers. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to characterize the teens most likely to be killed, the methods used to fatally injure teenagers, the geographic distribution of the killings, and the years of potential life lost before the age of 80 years (YPLL80) due to LEO interactions. Data from the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were analyzed for the years 2010 –2020. LEOs killed 330 teenagers; most were ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 12, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours Concerning the Mediterranean Diet Among Older Adults in Australia
This study explored Mediterranean diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours among community-dwelling older adults in Australia. Participants were adults aged 55 years and older who completed an online survey that contained three parts: (a) knowledge – Mediterranean Diet Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (Med-NKQ); (b) nutrition-related attitudes and behaviours, and barriers and enablers to dietary change; (c) demographics. The sample included 61 adults who ranged in age from 55 to 89 years. The overall knowledge score was 30.5 out of a possib le 40 points, with 60.7% classified as having a high level of knowledge...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 8, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Screening for Social Determinants of Health Among Medicare Beneficiaries in Primary Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Prince George ’s County, Maryland
AbstractPrimary care providers in Prince George ’s County, Maryland reported inconsistencies in their ability to identify and refer patients with social care needs. This project aimed to improve health outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries by implementing social determinant of health (SDOH) screening to identify unmet needs and improve rates of re ferral to appropriate services. Buy-in was achieved from providers and frontline staff via stakeholder meetings at a private primary care group practice. TheHealth Leads questionnaire was modified and integrated into the electronic health record. Medical assistants (MA) were train...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 7, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Results of Leveraging Pharmaceutical Patient Assistance Programs to Expand Access to High Cost Medications in a Student-Run Free Clinic
This study describes the growth of PAP use at a student-run free clinic in Nashville, Tennessee over ten years, demonstrating that PAPs can be used reliably and sustainably to expand patients’ access to expensive medications. From 2012 to 2021, we increased the number of medications available t hrough PAPs from 8 to 59 and the number of patient enrollments from 20 to 232. In 2021, our PAP enrollments demonstrated potential cost savings of over $1.2 million. Strategies, limitations, and future directions of PAP use are also discussed, highlighting that PAPs can be a powerful tool for free clinics in serving underserved c...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 7, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Assessment of Critical Health and Safety Risks in Homes where Hoarding is Prevalent
AbstractHoarding behaviour sometimes requires intervention from community agencies to reduce risks to residents and the nearby community. Human services professionals from a wide range of disciplines are called upon to address hoarding concerns, often in collaboration with each other. No guidelines currently exist to guide staff from those community agencies in a shared understanding of common health and safety risks that occur with severe hoarding behaviour. Using a modified Delphi method, we aimed to generate consensus among a panel of 34 service-provider experts from a range of disciplines on essential risks in the home...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 7, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
For Submission to the Journal of Community Health: Carbon Monoxide Awareness and Detector Use in the State of Wisconsin
This study assessed awareness of CO poisoning risk, detector laws, and detector use among a statewide sample. Data collected from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW) included a CO Monitoring module added to the in-home interview for 466 participants representing unique households across Wisconsin in 2018 –2019. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between demographic characteristics, awareness of CO laws and detector use. Less than half of households had a verified CO detector. Under 46% were aware of the detector law. Those aware had 2.82 greater odds of h aving a detect...
Source: Journal of Community Health - June 7, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Helping Networks of Transgender Women Living with HIV
This study uses social network analysis to describe the natural helping networks of transgender women living with HIV, their help-seeking patterns for HIV-related, gender-related, and ancillary resources, and the characteristics of potential network ambassadors. From February to August 2019, transgender women living with HIV in the US (N = 231) participated a 30-min online survey asking them to describe their natural helping networks (N = 1054). On average, participants were embedded within natural helping networks consisting of 4–5 people. They were more likely to seek help from informal network members vs. for...
Source: Journal of Community Health - May 26, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Evaluation of the Community Health Worker Model for COVID-19 Response and Recovery
AbstractCommunity health workers (CHWs), orpromotores de salud, have long played a role in health promotion, but the COVID-19 pandemic has brought renewed attention to the functions, sustainability, and financing of CHW models.¡Andale! ¿Que Esperas? was a 12-month (June 2021 –May 2022) campaign that expanded the CHW workforce to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates in structurally vulnerable, Latinx communities across California. This mixed-methods evaluation aims to elucidate (1) the role of CHWs in COVID-19 response, recovery, and rebuilding and (2) the importance, n eeds, and perils of CHW models in the COVID-19 era ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - May 26, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
