Examining the Relationship Between Rurality, Risk Perception, and COVID-19 Vaccine Willingness Among Rural Latinos in Arizona and California
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between rurality and risk perception of getting or transmitting COVID-19 and willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine in a sample of Latinos across Arizona and California ’s Central Valley (n = 419). The results revealed that rural Latinos are more concerned about getting and transmitting COVID-19, but less willing to get vaccinated. Our findings suggest that perceptions of risk alone do not play a sole role in influencing risk management behavior among rural L atinos. While rural Latinos may have heightened perception of the risks associated with COVID-19, vaccine hesi...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Results of Leveraging Pharmaceutical Patient Assistance Programs to Expand Access to High Cost Medications in a Student-Run Free Clinic
This study describes the growth of PAP use at a student-run free clinic in Nashville, Tennessee over ten years, demonstrating that PAPs can be used reliably and sustainably to expand patients’ access to expensive medications. From 2012 to 2021, we increased the number of medications available t hrough PAPs from 8 to 59 and the number of patient enrollments from 20 to 232. In 2021, our PAP enrollments demonstrated potential cost savings of over $1.2 million. Strategies, limitations, and future directions of PAP use are also discussed, highlighting that PAPs can be a powerful tool for free clinics in serving underserved c...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

How Communities Can Help Their Schools from Becoming the Next Active Shooting Site:  The Menu Approach
(Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

The Costs of Operating a Student-run Free Clinic
Conclusions: Categorizing costs can show where cost savings and cost-effective additions may be implemented. This study may serve as a financial and budgeting reference for other clinics. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

A Resilience Program for Hospital Security Officers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using a Community Engagement Model
AbstractSecurity officers in health systems are subject to high levels of stress and current support interventions do not necessarily target their needs. To address this gap, a resilience center at a major urban tertiary care hospital utilized community engagement principles to adapt and implement resilience and mental health awareness workshops, which were informed by initial piloting. The program consisted of twelve short briefings in which officers were provided psychoeducation on psychological first aid and adaptive coping. The program reached 107 security officers (89.5% men, 95.2% people of color); both qualitative a...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

E-cigarette Use Among Community-Recruited Adults with a History of Asthma in North Central Florida
We examined associations between lifetime e-cigarette use and traditional cigarette use, cannabis use, and related health factors among community members with a history of asthma in North Central Florida. Data came from HealthStreet, a University of Florida community engagement program. Adults with a history of asthma (n = 1,475) were interviewed between 2014 and 2021. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine differences between participants with and without a history of lifetime e-cigarette use. In this sample, lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use was 19.9%. Over half of the sampl e repor...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Controlling Pharmaceutical Costs in a Student-Run Free Clinic in a Resource-Limited Patient Setting
In this study, we aimed to analyze the financial impact of these measures on the clinic.A query of clinic data over the past 5 years identified 299 active PDAPs, corresponding to 299 fully-subsidized prescriptions. In 2017, there were 35 active PDAPs, increasing to 52 (2018), 62 (2019), and 82 (2020) before a decline to 68 PDAPs in 2021. The company affiliated with the most PDAPs varied annually: GlaxoSmithKline (2017), Lilly (2018, 2019, 2020), and both GlaxoSmithKline and Lilly (2021). The most frequent medications were sitagliptin (2017), insulin (2018, 2019), albuterol (2017, 2018), and dulaglutide (2020, 2021).In addi...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours Concerning the Mediterranean Diet Among Older Adults in Australia
This study explored Mediterranean diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours among community-dwelling older adults in Australia. Participants were adults aged 55 years and older who completed an online survey that contained three parts: (a) knowledge – Mediterranean Diet Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (Med-NKQ); (b) nutrition-related attitudes and behaviours, and barriers and enablers to dietary change; (c) demographics. The sample included 61 adults who ranged in age from 55 to 89 years. The overall knowledge score was 30.5 out of a possib le 40 points, with 60.7% classified as having a high level of knowledge...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

The Creation of a Field Manual for Community Health Workers to Teach Child Health and Development During Home Visits: A Case Study of Participatory Content Creation
AbstractCommunity health workers (CHWs) play a crucial role in improving child health and development in underserved populations. However, CHWs often face challenges in accessing appropriate guidance and materials for their home visits, hindering their ability to deliver accurate and relevant information to families. Extensive searches for existing resources were conducted to search for established field manual guidebooks for CHWs, however, no suitable material was found, highlighting the need for this case study. The exercise aimed to develop a comprehensive field manual guidebook and animated videos to support CHWs in th...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Substance Use Patterns and Their Association with Depression and Social Factors During COVID-19 Among Harlem Residents in New York City
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of substance use before and during COVID-19; and examined its association with depression and social factors among 437 residents from the neighborhood of Harlem in Northern Manhattan, New York City. Over a third of respondents reported using any substance before COVID-19, and initiating/increasing substance use during COVID-19. The most common substances used before COVID-19 and initiated/increased during COVID-19 were smoking (20.8% vs. 18.3%), marijuana (18.8% vs. 15.3%), and vaping (14.2% and 11.4%). The percentages of any hard drug use were 7.3% and 3.4%, respectively. After ...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Identifying Risk Factors Associated with Repeated Referrals Within a Pediatric Navigation Program
This study examines factors associated with repeated referrals to an active PNP to inform ongoing referral patterns and adaptations to standard navigation support within a large healthcare system in South Carolina (SC). Data is sourced from the inception of the PNP in 2017 through 2022, including 15,702 referrals. Overall, 71.07% had no repeated referrals. Children who are older, diagnosed with attention deficit disorder(s), behavioral concerns, depression, multiple referral needs, and insured by Medicaid were found to be most susceptible to repeated referrals. Conversely, children who are non-Hispanic Black, were referred...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

The Association of Untreated Mental Health Problems with Alcohol and Tobacco use Among New York City Taxi Drivers
Conclusions: Few drivers with mental health problems receive treatment. In line with the self-medica tion hypothesis, drivers with untreated mental health problems demonstrated significantly increased risk of tobacco and alcohol use. Efforts to encourage timely screening and treatment of mental health problems among taxi drivers are warranted. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Expanding Access to Psychiatric Care Through Universal Depression Screening: Lessons from an Urban Student-Run Free Clinic
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to report the utility of a universal depression screening in a student-run free clinic (SRFC) to improve bridging to psychiatric care.  Patients (n = 224) seen by an SRFC between April 2017 and November 2022 were screened for depression in the patient’s primary language using the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). A PHQ-9 score greater or equal to 5 prompted psychiatry referral. Retrospective chart review was conducted to determine clinical characteristics and length of psychiatry follow-up. Out of 224 patients screened, 77 patients had positive depression screen...
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Migration Status and Utilization of Healthcare Services Among Venezuelan Immigrants in Peru
Conclusion: 58.1% of Venezuelan migrants in Peru did not seek medical attention despite having health problems. Having an illegal immigration status leads to a lower probability of using these services, especially in men. (Source: Journal of Community Health)
Source: Journal of Community Health - November 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research