A Survey on the Medical Use of Cannabis in Europe: A Position Paper
Conclusion: The use of medical cannabis in Europe seems to be restricted mostly to the use of the cannabis extract, nabiximol. There is only limited use of the cannabis plant as such for medical purposes, possibly indicating a different scenario in Europe as compared to the USA.Position Statement: EUFAS as an umbrella association of European addiction societies stresses the need for further studies on the efficacy of medical cannabis and warrants for possible dangers associated with the increasing popularity of medical cannabis. We need regulations at European level concerning registration and medical indications, developm...
Source: European Addiction Research - August 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
A Matter of Rules? A Longitudinal Study of Parents ’ Influence on Young People’s Drinking Trajectories
Based on longitudinal survey data (2005, 2008, 2015), this paper investigates binge drinking among young people in Denmark. We analyse the relationship between parental alcohol rules in 2005 and the development of their children ’s heavy episodic drinking from age 15 to 25/26 using a multilevel approach to repeated measures. Two hypotheses are tested. The first is that young people from families with “strict” alcohol rules have a lower level of binge drinking than young people from families with lenient rules. However , given the cultural pressure on adolescents to drink heavily in Denmark, we also expect parents to ...
Source: European Addiction Research - August 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Daclatasvir Plasma Levels in a Cohort of Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection Taking Methadone: A Prospective Analysis
Conclusion: We found a significant difference in DCV levels at 2 weeks and 1 month: 150 ng/mL in patients without MET and 313 ng/mL with MET at 2 weeks (p #x3c; 0.001), 149 and 279 ng/mL at 1 month (p = 0.006). DCV levels were lower in cirrhotic patients (p #x3c; 0.001); among cirrhotic patients we also evidenced higher DCV concentrations in patients receiving MET at 2 weeks, 1 and 2 months (p #x3c; 0.001,p = 0.005, andp = 0.031, respectively). In multivariate analysis, the only predictive factor associated with DCV plasma levels was the presence of MET. The reason for this increased DCV exposure is unclear; on the cli...
Source: European Addiction Research - August 10, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Gender Differences in Anxiety and Depression before and after Alcohol Detoxification: Anxiety and Depression as Gender-Related Predictors of Relapse
Conclusions: In both genders, the psychopathological dimension that showed the most significant worsening at 6-month follow-up (i.e., anxiety in males and depression in females) was found to be a significant predictor of relapse at the 12-month follow-up.Eur Addict Res 2018;24:163 –172 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - July 17, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Long-Term Opioid Agonist Treatment Participation after First Treatment Entry is Similar across 4 European Regions but Lower in Non-Nationals
Heroin users in opioid agonist treatment (OAT) show markedly reduced heroin consumption, less crime and a lower mortality rate. However, the extent of long-term OAT participation over subsequent treatment episodes remains unclear. We analysed the annual proportion of patients in treatment (at least 1 day) since the start of first OAT in 4 European regions: Barcelona (BA) 1996–2012: 8,602 patients; Czech Republic (CZ) 2000–2014: 4,377 patients; Netherlands (NL) 1994–2014: 33,235 patients, Zurich (ZU) 1992–2015: 11,795. We estimated the long-term decline of treatment need d ue to mortality or abstinence and also ...
Source: European Addiction Research - July 17, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The Clinical Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Treatments for Alcohol and Drugs Use Disorders: A Meta-Analytic Review of Randomized and Nonrandomized Controlled Trials
Conclusion: MBIs seemed to show clinically significant advantages compared to other clinical approaches in relation to specific primary and secondary outcomes. Conversely, treatment retention was independent of the therapeutic approach.Eur Addict Res 2018;24:137 –162 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - July 17, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Executive Impairments in Binge Drinking: Evidence for a Specific Performance-Monitoring Difficulty during Alcohol-Related Processing
This study evaluated inhibition and performance-monitoring abilities through the explicit processing of alcohol cues. Twenty-two binge drinkers (BD) and 22 control participants performed a speeded Go/No-Go task using pictures of alcohol and soft cans as Go and No-Go targets. This task measures inhibitory control and performance monitoring (i.e., task adjustment through errors and feedback processing) during the explicit processing of alcohol cues. Groups did not significantly differ regarding inhibition abilities. However, BD had poorer performance-monitoring abilities, reflected by a difficulty to adjust after errors, esp...
Source: European Addiction Research - July 3, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Early Screening for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Inpatient Detoxification and Motivation Treatment: Results and Consequences
Conclusions: Early and systematic evaluation of PTSD in SUD inpatient detoxification treatment is largely safe and yields important information for individual treatment. The high PTSD-rate and the high symptom load in SUD patients during inpatient detoxification treatment highlight the need for a more stringent address of trauma/PTSD in early SUD treatment.Eur Addict Res 2018;24:128 –136 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - July 3, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Quantitative Criteria to Screen for Cannabis Use Disorder
Conclusion: Frequency and quantity should be considered when exploring cannabis risks. A 1 SJU per day is proposed as a preliminary quantitative-based criterion to screen users with at least a moderate risk for CUD.Eur Addict Res 2018;24:109 –117 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - June 27, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The European Innovation Express: Wim van den Brink Retires as Editor in Chief of European Addiction Research and Will Be Succeeded by Anna E. Goudriaan
Eur Addict Res 2018;24:107 –108 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - June 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The Association between the Level of Plasma Oxytocin and Craving among Former Heroin Users
Conclusion: This finding may be taken into account in future studies and may provide a basis for the development of potential treatment for addiction. The effect of oxytocin for the treatment of opioid dependence might be modulated by some psychological factors.Eur Addict Res 2018;24:71 –78 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - June 14, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Is Cannabis Use Treatment Also Indicated for Patients with Low to Moderate Polysubstance Use
Conclusions: CU treatment is also effective for patients with moderate PSU. However, treatment effects may be enhanced by addressing specific PSU characteristics as part of a modularized program.Eur Addict Res 2018;24:79 –87 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - June 14, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Comment on “Methadone Dose Adjustments, Plasma R-Methadone Levels and Therapeutic Outcome of Heroin Users: A Randomized Clinical Trial”
Eur Addict Res 2018;24:88 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - June 14, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Response to Letter to the Editor by Ernesto de Bernadis
Eur Addict Res 2018;24:89 –90 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - June 14, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Predictors of Utilization of an Addiction-Specific Behavioural Couple Therapy in Alcohol Dependence
Conclusions: Certain subgroups of patients with AD are less likely to participate in BCT during inpatient treatment.Eur Addict Res 2018;24:91 –97 (Source: European Addiction Research)
Source: European Addiction Research - June 14, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
