Food and Mood: the Corresponsive Effect
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe question whether food choice and eating behavior influence the mood or are influenced by the mood has been inquisitive to scientists and researchers. The purpose of this review is to support or refuse the argument that mood is affected by food or vice versa.Recent FindingsThe association between food and mood has been comprehensively elucidated in this review based on several studies that include participants from different ages, cultural backgrounds, and health status. The correlation among food, mood, and diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and depression was thoroughly investigated....
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - July 3, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Dietary Sources of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Versus Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Effects on Cognition and Inflammation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarises previous literature and recent findings on omega-3 fatty acids in cognition and inflammation in humans, comparing the effects of dietary omega-3 with supplemental omega-3.Recent FindingsWhilst some omega-3 studies, both dietary and supplementation, show positive benefits of omega-3s in cognition, particularly memory function, and supplementation studies show reduction in markers of inflammation, including IL-6 and TNF- α, some studies also show no clear benefits on cognition and inflammation, particularly in healthy populations. Most consistency in beneficial cognition outco...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - July 2, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The Postprandial Effect of Anthocyanins on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: a Systematic Literature Review of High-Fat Meal Challenge Studies
This study evaluated whether anthocyanin consumption attenuates the deleterious postprandial response of high-fat meals on CVD risk factors including blood pressure, vascular endothelial function, lipid profile and biomarkers related to oxidative stress, antioxidant status and immune response.Recent findingsFive electronic databases were searched up to the period of 1 February 2020, yielding 13 eligible studies, including randomised or cross-over clinical trials (18 –59 years of age), using PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration: CRD42019126265). Potential bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 30, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Role of Vitamins in Skin Health: a Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSkin is the main defense organ of the human body against external insults (ultraviolet radiations, infections by pathogenic microorganisms, and mechanical and chemical stress). The integrity and functions of the skin barrier are supported by an adequate supply of micronutrients, such as several vitamins. The purpose of this review was to analyze all vitamin-related skin problems.Recent FindingsThe World Health Organization has estimated that more than 2 billion people worldwide experience deficiencies in the intake of essential vitamins and minerals; the percentage of adults all over the world usin...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 28, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Effects of Non-nutritive Sweeteners on Sweet Taste Processing and Neuroendocrine Regulation of Eating Behavior
AbstractPurpose of ReviewNon-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are increasingly used as a replacement for nutritive sugars as means to quench the desire for “sweets” while contributing few or no dietary calories. However, there is concern that NNS may uncouple the evolved relationship between sweet taste and post-ingestive neuroendocrine signaling. In this review, we examine the effects of NNS exposure on neural and peripheral systems in humans.Recent FindingsNNS exposure during early development may influence sweet taste preferences, and NNS consumption might increase motivation for sweet foods. Neuroimaging studies provide ...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 24, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
A Rapid Advice Guideline for the Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Through Nutritional Intervention
In conclusion, it has been suggested that before the beginning of generalised treatments and interventions in each infected patient, nutritional status should be evaluated, as it can help in creating a specific nutrition intervention for the infected individual. (Source: Current Nutrition Reports)
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 22, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Personalized Nutrition, and Precision Healthcare
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purposes of the present review are to examine the emergence of nutrigenetics/nutrigenomics, to analyze the relationship between nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics, to explore the impact of nutrigenetics/nutrigenomics on healthcare with respect to noncommunicable diseases, and to discuss the challenges facing the implementation of nutrigenetics/nutrigenomics within healthcare.Recent FindingsNutrigenetics/nutrigenomics is certainly a thriving specialty given the sharp increase of publications over the last two decades. The relationship between nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics is proposed as complemen...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 22, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The Psychology of Food Cravings: the Role of Food Deprivation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDieting is often blamed for causing food cravings. Such diet-induced cravings may be mediated by physiological (e.g., nutritional deprivation) or psychological (e.g., ironic effects of food thought suppression) mechanisms. However, this notion is often based on cross-sectional findings and, thus, the causal role of food deprivation on food cravings is unclear.Recent FindingsExperimental studies suggest that a short-term, selective food deprivation seems to indeed increase cravings for the avoided foods. However, experimental studies also show that food craving can be understood as a conditioned res...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 22, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Effects of Quality and Quantity of Protein Intake for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevention and Metabolic Control
DiscussionBased on the results obtained, for the prevention of T2DM and all disorders related to metabolic syndrome, no ideal dietary composition has yet been found. The advantage of plant protein sources may be related to the foods ’ low-glycaemic index due to the high fibre content. However, the right protein quality (animal and plant) and the quantity for T2DM prevention and metabolic control are unclear and need to be investigated with further long-term studies. (Source: Current Nutrition Reports)
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 22, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Heme as a Taste Molecule
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe sense of taste has evolved to enable the identification of appropriate substances to consume, to acquire nutrients, and to avoid consuming potential toxins. Five basic taste classes have been recognized, although there may be others, including metallic taste, which have not been well defined. The purpose of this review was to survey available data from diverse sources to determine how much was known about the molecular basis for metallic taste.Recent FindingsMetallic taste has been studied in the context of dysgeusia, primarily using non-heme iron as an inducer of metallic taste sensation. Howe...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 22, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Sustainable Diets for Athletes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSustainable production and healthy consumption have been the topic of recent publications. Due to the high environmental impact of the current food system, significant changes in how food is produced, distributed, and consumed are needed in all sectors and groups. While most research in sustainable diets has focused on the general population, limited work has involved athletes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on food and sustainability in athletes.Recent FindingsMeeting but not exceeding protein requirements through flexitarian and plant-based approaches, reducing p...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 4, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Correction to: Probiotics and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Psychiatry
The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistake. The sure name “Cyran” of the author John F Cyran (J. F. Cyran) should be corrected to read John F. Cryan (J. F. Cryan) as presented above. (Source: Current Nutrition Reports)
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - June 4, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Why Pregnancy Weight Gain Guidelines Need to Differ for Multiple Versus Single Pregnancies
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThe purpose of this review was to compare physiological and metabolic changes in singleton and twin gestations and to review pregnancy outcomes with respect to current weight gain guidelines.Recent FindingsReviews in singleton gestations show that weight gain below the recommended guidelines has been associated with small for gestational age infants (less than the 10th percentile) which place these infants at increased risk for neonatal morbidities. Observational studies have shown that adequate and excessive gestational weight gain in twin gestations has been associated with longer gestations ...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - May 31, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Kefir in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarizes recent animal and human trials examining the potential for kefir to improve obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Evidence for pathways affected and suggestions of possible mechanisms of action are also considered.Recent FindingsHuman trials examining the ability of kefir to recapitulate metabolic health benefits previously observed in rodent models have found mixed results.SummaryKefir has long been associated with improvements in health including obesity, diabetes, NAFLD, and dyslipidemia in preventative animal trials. While ...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - May 29, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Hydration and Cooling Strategies for Paralympic Athletes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEffective thermoregulation is paramount for optimizing athletic performance and minimizing the risk of heat illness when exercising, especially in hot conditions. Para-athletes can face unique challenges in regard to thermoregulation and hydration, especially when travel is involved.Recent FindingsFor example, athletes with spinal cord injuries (SCI) have an impaired ability to thermoregulate due to a decreased sweat rate and ability to dissipate heat, thus making vigorous activity in the heat a challenge. These factors may put the athlete at risk for the following: dehydration, overheating, heat e...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - May 28, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
