An Intergenerational Approach to Break the Cycle of Malnutrition
This article examines how nutritional status is treated throughout the lifecycle. In doing so, the review identifies promising life stages during which intervention may improve nutritional status of future generations.Recent FindingsA life course perspective suggests that nutritional changes are most likely to be sustained when they occur during times of developmental transition, such as pregnancy or adolescence. Adolescence is a unique period in which malnutrition in future generations may be addressed because it is the first life stage at which pregnancy becomes feasible and individuals seek independence from parents.Sum...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - October 15, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Child Health: Implications for Policy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewVarious policies to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption in children have been implemented. Here, we review the evidence on whether these policies are effective in reducing SSB intake and whether a reduction in SSB intake results in a concomitant reduction in child obesity. We also highlight ethical concerns with such efforts.Recent FindingsThe evidence supporting relationship between SSB consumption and child body mass index (BMI) is consistently small and lacks causality. The effects of policies are unclear; taxation has no clear relationship to SSB purchasing, innovative marketing...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - October 3, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Role of Gut Microbiota-Generated Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health
AbstractPurpose of this ReviewThis review assesses the latest evidence linking short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) with host metabolic health and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and presents the latest evidence on possible biological mechanisms.Recent FindingsSCFA have a range of effects locally in the gut and at both splanchnic and peripheral tissues which together appear to induce improved metabolic regulation and have direct and indirect effects on markers of CVD risk.SummarySCFA produced primarily from the microbial fermentation of dietary fibre appear to be key mediators of the beneficial effects elicited by the gut micr...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - September 28, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
To Pull or Not to Pull: Salvaging Central Line Catheters in Home Parenteral Nutrition
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCatheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) pose a significant risk to patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN). Recurrent loss of catheters can lead to scarring and eventual loss of central access, a potentially fatal situation for patients dependent on HPN.Recent FindingsIn the past, the standard of care to treat these infections required catheter removal. More recently, several studies have indicated that many CRBSI can be treated without removal of the catheter. Successful treatment without removal can be achieved by intentionally following a catheter salvage protocol. We define this as...
Source: Current Nutrition Reports - September 28, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
