Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Depression and Anxiety in Women with Heart Disease
AbstractDepression and anxiety are extremely common conditions but are even more common in persons living with cardiovascular disease. Both conditions occur more frequently in women living with cardiovascular disease compared with men. Studies have demonstrated a link between coronary artery disease and depression, with an increased prevalence of depression in younger women living with CVD. Depression and anxiety are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease and are associated with worse outcomes in those living with cardiovascular disease, particularly women. The purpose of this paper is to review the sex-based ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - September 8, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Epigenetics of Lipid Phenotypes
AbstractDyslipidemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the main cause of death worldwide. Blood lipid profiles are patterned by both genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, epigenetics has emerged as a paradigm that unifies these influences. In this review, we have summarized the latest evidence implicating epigenetic mechanisms —DNA methylation, histone modification, and regulation by RNAs—in lipid homeostasis. Key findings have emerged in a number of novel epigenetic loci located in biologically plausible genes (eg,CPT1A,ABCG1,SREBF1, and others), as well as microRNA-33a/b. Evi...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Gerontechnologies for Older Patients with Heart Failure: What is the Role of Smartphones, Tablets, and Remote Monitoring Devices in Improving Symptom Monitoring and Self-Care Management?
AbstractOlder adults with heart failure have multiple chronic conditions and a large number and range of symptoms. A fundamental component of heart failure self-care management is regular symptom monitoring. Symptom monitoring can be facilitated by cost-effective, easily accessible technologies that are integrated into patients ’ lives. Technologies that are tailored to older adults by incorporating gerontological design principles are called gerontechnologies. Gerontechnology is an interdisciplinary academic and professional field that combines gerontology and technology with the goals of improving prevention, care, and...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 14, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
The Unchartered Frontier: Preventive Cardiology Between the Ages of 15 and 35 Years
AbstractIt is well established that atherosclerosis, the pathological basis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), begins in childhood and progresses steadily between the ages of 15 to 35 years. These adolescent and young adult years are also marked by significant physiological, psychological, and sociodemographic changes that impact both CVD risk factor development and CVD prevention and treatment strategies. In this review, we highlight the importance of theprimordial prevention of CVD risk factors before they ever occur and theprimary prevention of CVD by treating CVD risk factors in this age group. Although the long time t...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
The Obesity Paradox in Heart Failure: What Is Real Obesity in Heart Failure?
< h3 class= " a-plus-plus " > Abstract < /h3 > < p class= " a-plus-plus " > The obesity is a conventional cardiovascular risk factor. Obesity has detrimental effects on heart failure, but has been found to be paradoxically associated with improved survival. The obesity paradox remains controversial in the literatures. There are various underlying mechanisms to explain the obesity paradox in heart failure. Epidemiologic, biochemical, animal studies revealed this unexpected phenomenon, which was described as an obesity paradox. BMI does not provide information body composition and cardiopulmonary fitness status, which can be...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - July 22, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Sudden Cardiac Death in Multi-Ethnic Populations
Abstract
Risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) varies greatly by ethnicity, and is particularly high in African Americans as compared to Caucasians. The reasons for these racial differences are unclear but are likely multifactorial. Possible differences in coronary and non-coronary risk factors, socioeconomic factors, and genetic factors should all be considered when investigating this observed racial disproportionality in SCD risk. Furthermore, there is a relative paucity of data on the risk of SCD in non-African American minorities, including Asian Americans and Latinos. In this paper, we will review tr...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - July 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Americans of Arab Descent and Cardiovascular Risk
In conclusion there is paucity of data about cardiovascular risk factors and diseases among AA. The current study suggests the urgent need for better ways to identify AA in the US and the development of large prospective studies on determinants of cardiovascular health including potential factors such as acculturation. (Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports)
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 12, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Lifelong Cardiovascular Adverse Effects of Childhood Tobacco Smoke Exposure
Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure has a significant role in cardiovascular health outcomes, even among children. Approximately 40 % of all Americans exposed to ETS are children; those with poor socioeconomic status, black race, and younger age being disproportionately affected. Parental smoking is the strongest predictor of childhood ETS exposure. The adverse cardiovascular consequences of ETS exposure include its association with congenital heart disease, obesity, and other atherosclerosis promoting risk factors. The effects of childhood ETS exposure last long into adulthood as well....
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 12, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
E-Cigarettes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Evaluation of Evidence, Policy Implications, and Recommendations
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in smokers. Although new tobacco products such as e-cigarettes do not generate many of the harmful or potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs), present in combustible tobacco products the cardiovascular effects of these devices are unknown and their efficacy in promoting and sustaining cessation remains unclear. Currently, these devices are being marketed as cleaner and safer alternative to smoking that could help smokers quit smoking. Nevertheless, e-cigarette aerosols contain appreciable levels of carbonyls, which within the concentration ran...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 2, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Current Use of Statins for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Patient-Reported Outcomes and Adherence
Abstract
Recent updates in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk assessment and management guidelines have expanded the global number of statin-indicated persons, prompting clinicians to rethink conversations about initiating new statin therapy. The benefits of statins in primary prevention of ASCVD are less convincing than in secondary prevention, although higher ASCVD risk is associated with greater statin benefit. Therefore, clinicians must engage patients in a shared decision about starting new statin therapy, which should involve discussion about the risks and benefits of therapy, pat...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - May 18, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition and Cardiovascular Risk
Abstract
The choice of appropriate therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes is currently based on the effect of available pharmacologic agents on metabolic parameters. Beyond metformin, much uncertainty remains about the cardioprotective properties of several antidiabetic agents. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are the latest addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for type 2 diabetes. Apart from effective glycemic control, these agents have also favorable effects on body weight and blood pressure. For dapagliflozin and canagliflozin, large cardiovascular outcome trials are still ongoing wh...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - April 22, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
EMS and Acute Stroke Care: Evidence for Policies to Reduce Delays to Definitive Treatments
Abstract
Tremendous advances have altered the management of stroke over the past two decades. In a landmark paper in 1995, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) was shown to improve outcomes in stroke patients when compared with the standard treatment at the time. Municipalities around the country created destination plans for their EMS systems to direct stroke patients to an appropriate stroke center and therefore prevent the costly time delays associated with interfacility transports. When properly identified as a stroke by EMS, studies show that EMS prenotification to the hospital leads to f...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - April 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Childhood Psychosocial Determinants of Cardiovascular Health
Abstract
Understanding risk and protective factors that impact cardiovascular health is of utmost importance. There is ample evidence that cardiovascular health begins in childhood, tracks over time, and is subject to adverse social influences. This paper reviews key studies examining the relations of psychosocial factors in childhood to cardiovascular health in adulthood. The existing literature provides evidence for both individual and cumulative effects of childhood psychosocial factors on adult cardiovascular health across the population, although the specific mechanisms underlying these relationshi...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - March 31, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
HbA 1c Variability and Cardiovascular Events
Abstract
Due to its high and increasing prevalence, type 2 diabetes mellitus is becoming more and more of a global public health burden. Effective measures are required to prevent diabetes-related morbidity and the resulting premature death. The effect of long-term glycemic fluctuations in patients with diabetes mellitus, referred to as HbA1c variability, has been the subject of intensive discussion. Whereas the mean HbA1c value is already established as a risk factor for vascular complications, an accumulation of findings makes a compelling case that HbA1c variability adds further predictive value. Rec...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - March 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
How to Best Identify Elderly Individuals Who May Develop Heart Failure
Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure grows yearly, and incidence rates are expected to potentiate given the growing aging population. There have been numerous advancements over the past several decades in the management of heart failure, yet the burden of disease in the form of quality of life, frequency of hospitalization, and healthcare cost remains high. Several comorbid conditions, lifestyle factors, pharmacologic agents, and biochemical markers have been associated with increased risk of heart failure resulting in the formulation of risk models for prediction. Although further investigation is ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - March 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
