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The Cardiovascular Manifestations of Anderson-Fabry Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAnderson Fabry Disease (AFD) is a rare progressive X-linked lysosomal storage disease. AFD ’s clinical manifestations predominantly involve the renal, cerebrovascular, and cardiovascular systems. This review focuses on the cardiovascular manifestations of AFD, the role of cardiovascular imaging in its diagnosis, and available treatment options.Recent FindingsAFD has classically been considered a disease of males, and females were thought to be paucisymptomatic carriers. However, in recent years, females are now known to also experience clinical manifestations of AFD. Females with active disease c...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - May 28, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Disparities in the Use of Cardiac Rehabilitation in African Americans
AbstractPurpose of reviewCardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a comprehensive outpatient program that reduces the risk of mortality and recurrent events and improves functional status and quality of life for patients recovering from acute cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Among individuals with established CVD, African Americans have a higher risk of major cardiac events, which underscores the importance of CR use among African Americans. However, despite their high likelihood of adverse outcomes, CR is poorly utilized in African Americans with CVD. We review data on CR utilization among African Americans, barriers to partici...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - May 7, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

An Update on the Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Cardiometabolic Factors in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLifestyle changes are proven to improve control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and dietary  regimens can lead to better outcomes and fewer complications in patients with T2DM. Multiple diets regimens can lead to better outcomes and less complications of type 2 diabetes. These diets include the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diet, low carbohydrate diets, and plant-based diets. The te rm “plant-based diet” refers to an eating pattern that emphasizes plant foods and limits or excludes animal products including poultry, fish, red meat, dairy, and eggs.Recent FindingsA growing body of evi...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - April 21, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Genetics of Inheritable Aortic Diseases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOver the past 2 decades, our understanding of the role of genetics in the development and progression of aortic disease has grown considerably. This review serves as a foundational text for the reader to gain a thorough understanding of the basics of this emerging field while also displaying the latest breakthroughs which have had, and will continue to have, important impacts on clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. This review focuses on aneurysmal disease, arguably the richest subgroup of aortic diseases for genetic research.Recent FindingsThoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) i...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - February 9, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

How Technology Is Changing Interventional Cardiology
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we will highlight some of the essential advances in interventional cardiology in recent years, as well as the technological advances on the horizon. In particular, we will delve into the advances in percutaneous coronary intervention and structural heart disease, the use of imaging for complex cases, and the anticipated changes that this new technology will bring with it.Recent FindingsRecent advances include the use of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds for coronary stenting, advanced 3D imaging for complex coronary and structural disease, and advances in our ability to treat structu...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - February 7, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Correction to: Cardio-oncology Preventative Care: Racial and Ethnic Disparities
(Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports)
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - February 2, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

“Can you see my screen?” Addressing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Telehealth
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTelehealth is an innovative approach with great potential to bridge the healthcare delivery gap, especially for underserved communities. While minority populations represent a target audience that could benefit significantly from this modern solution, little of the existing literature speaks to its acceptability, accessibility, and overall effectiveness in underserved populations. Here, we review the various challenges and achievements of contemporary telehealth and explore its impact on care delivery as an alternative or adjunct to traditional healthcare delivery systems.Recent FindingsGiven the C...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - December 6, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Patient Selection for Biventricular Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, His Bundle Pacing, and Left Bundle Branch Pacing
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHis bundle pacing (HBP) and left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) offer physiologic activation of the conduction system and their use is expanding. But choosing the best modality for an individual clinical scenario remains challenging. We review the evidence supporting HBP, LBBP, and traditional biventricular cardiac resynchronization therapy (BiV CRT), and relate this to appropriate patient selection.Recent FindingsTraditional BiV CRT has been established as effective in certain patients but is limited by a high rate of non-response. More precise ECG analysis and prognostic models that incorporate echo...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - October 26, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Dietary and Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo examine the evidence for nonpharmacologic dietary and lifestyle interventions to lower blood pressure.Recent FindingsIn addition to aerobic exercise, resistance exercise training also significantly reduces blood pressure, especially when performed using large muscle groups and among persons with hypertension. Plant-based diets such as the lacto-ovo vegetarian diet and intermittent fasting are associated with blood pressure improvement similar to or greater than the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. Nontraditional lifestyle approaches for blood pressure lowering such as meditat...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

An Update on Catheter-Based Renal Denervation for the Treatment of Hypertension
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe use of catheter-based renal denervation (RD) for the treatment of hypertension showed promise in early proof-of-concept trials; however, enthusiasm to pursue clinical trials outpaced efforts to understand underlying fundamental principles. The Symplicity HTN-3 trial was a randomized, sham-controlled study that found that the effect of RD on blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension was no different than seen in the control group. Retrospective analyses showed that the therapeutic failure more likely resulted from suboptimal first-generation technology and poor clinical trial design...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Esophageal Injury and Progression to Atrial-Esophageal Fistula in Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAtrioesophageal fistula (AEF) is one of the most dreaded complications of atrial fibrillation (AFib) catheter ablation (CA) associated with high morbidity and mortality. In this review, we provide the latest evidence on the factors associated with esophageal thermal injury associated with CA, including discussion of strategies used in mitigating the risk of progression to AEF. We also discuss future directions and advances in ablation technologies that promise to further reduce the risk of this deadly complication.Recent FindingsRadiofrequency point-by-point ablation guided by electroanatomic mappi...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Artificial Intelligence in Computer Vision: Cardiac MRI and Multimodality Imaging Segmentation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAnatomical segmentation has played a major role within clinical cardiology. Novel techniques through artificial intelligence-based computer vision have revolutionized this process through both automation and novel applications. This review discusses the history and clinical context of cardiac segmentation to provide a framework for a survey of recent manuscripts in artificial intelligence and cardiac segmentation. We aim to clarify for the reader the clinical question of “Why do we segment?” in order to understand the question of “Where is current research and where should be?”Recent Findin...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A Review of Telemedicine Interventions for Weight Loss
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTelemedicine has become popular as an alternative for in-person weight loss treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review focuses on weight loss interventions utilizing real-time telemedicine.Recent FindingsTelemedicine interventions are usually run as a weekly counseling and educational session or as a complement to a primarily Web-based intervention. A wide variety of healthcare professionals may provide the intervention. Common content includes portion control, increased physical activity, and relapse prevention. Self-monitoring is associated with intervention success. Modalities considere...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - July 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Practical Tools for Assessing Diet Quality in Clinical Settings
AbstractPurpose of reviewDiet is closely linked to overweight/obesity and risk of cardiovascular disease. Clinical guidelines recommend behavioral counseling to promote healthy diet during clinical encounters for patients with overweight/obesity or other CVD risk factors. This review summarizes the tools available to aid clinicians in quickly assessing and addressing diet quality in clinical settings.Recent FindingsFewer than 25% of physician office visits for adults with obesity include dietary counseling due to time constraints, lack of training in discussing nutrition with patients, and lack of resources for referral. T...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - July 8, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Food Insecurity and its Impact on Body Weight, Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Mental Health
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFood insecurity (FI) is a serious public health issue affecting 2 billion people worldwide. FI is associated with increased risk for multiple chronic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mental health. We selected these four chronic diseases given their global prevalence and comorbid associations with each other. We evaluated the most recent literature published over the past 5 years and offer strategies for the screening of FI.Recent FindingsRecent systematic reviews and meta-analyses report an association between FI and obesity in adult women as well as adult ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - July 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research