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Use of Wearable Technologies for Early Diagnosis and Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes and Arrhythmias
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe sought to describe current issues in patient healthcare access to diagnostics and potential solutions via wearable and/or mobile/digital technologies.Recent FindingsThere are ongoing as well as completed studies showing feasibility of direct-to-consumer FDA-approved technologies to identify acute coronary syndromes and/or arrhythmias.SummaryImprovement in direct-to-consumer technology, cloud-based services, and access to the internet have the potential to greatly benefit and impact patient engagement and access to healthcare as well as early diagnosis of cardiovascular-related diseases. (Source:...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - August 25, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Timing and Role of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation in Heart Failure Patients
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAtrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are cardiovascular disease epidemics with increasing prevalence worldwide. AF can either be a cause or consequence of cardiomyopathy and HF. Catheter ablation (CA) has been a proven therapy for symptomatic, medically refractory AF patients. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role as well as timing of CA in treating AF patients with HF.Recent FindingsMultiple randomized clinical trials in recent years have elegantly demonstrated the superiority of CA in improving survival, quality of life, ventricular function, and reduce hospitalizations, ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - July 19, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Coronary Calcium Score vs. Computed Tomography Angiography as Tools to Stratify Cardiovascular Risk
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review evaluates the evidence for and against the use of coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) on the cardiovascular risk stratification for primary prevention in asymptomatic individuals.Recent FindingsRecent evidence suggests that the presence and extent of CAC are robust predictors of events across various populations and variable baseline risk. On the other hand, the absence of CAC is associated with a good prognosis event in older individuals or in those with multiple risk factor or high clinical risk. While coronary CTA is also useful for ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 22, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Debunking the Myth of Diabetes Mellitus as Cardiovascular Disease Equivalent: What Took So Long?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIndividuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) have historically been reported to have the same risk of having a future myocardial infarction (MI) as an individual with known coronary heart disease (CHD). In other words, DM has been widely accepted as a coronary heart disease (CHD) equivalent. We review the literature that established DM as a CHD risk equivalent and how over time it has become clear that DM carries a spectrum of risk.Recent FindingsNewer studies suggest that DM is heterogeneous, with certain subgroups such as women, those with longer duration of DM, and increased severity of disease may b...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Relationship of Objective Physical Activity with Traditional and Nontraditional Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the USA, accounting for one of every three deaths. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have numerous beneficial effects for CVD risk reduction in women. Nonetheless, much of the previous research on the impact of PA on CVD risk factors has been measured using self-report questionnaires. The purpose of this review was to summarize the main findings for the association between objectively measured PA and PA interventions on traditional and nontraditional CVD risk factors from randomized controlled trials (RCT), cohort, and...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Debunking the Myth of Diabetes Mellitus as Cardiovascular Disease Equivalent: What Took So Long?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIndividuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) have historically been reported to have the same risk of having a future myocardial infarction (MI) as an individual with known coronary heart disease (CHD). In other words, DM has been widely accepted as a coronary heart disease (CHD) equivalent. We review the literature that established DM as a CHD risk equivalent and how over time it has become clear that DM carries a spectrum of risk.Recent FindingsNewer studies suggest that DM is heterogeneous, with certain subgroups such as women, those with longer duration of DM, and increased severity of disease may b...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Relationship of Objective Physical Activity with Traditional and Nontraditional Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the USA, accounting for one of every three deaths. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have numerous beneficial effects for CVD risk reduction in women. Nonetheless, much of the previous research on the impact of PA on CVD risk factors has been measured using self-report questionnaires. The purpose of this review was to summarize the main findings for the association between objectively measured PA and PA interventions on traditional and nontraditional CVD risk factors from randomized controlled trials (RCT), cohort, and...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Exercise Prescription for a Healthy Heart
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPhysical inactivity is associated with increased mortality. However, it is rarely emphasized by physicians as an essential component of health. Physicians place greater emphasis on medications that they are uniquely qualified to prescribe. This review outlines the historical and recent data supporting the importance of physical activity with the aim of inspiring physicians to prescribe physical activity to their patients.Recent FindingsRecent meta-analyses pooling international population based data on physical activity show a dose-dependent reduction in mortality. A pooled cohort study found that ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Post-acute Care for Patients with Heart Failure
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPatients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) frequently require post-acute care (PAC) services after discharge. This review highlights recent updates on HF patient demographics, risk predictors for adverse outcomes, and management strategies for patients with HF in post-acute care settings, particularly within skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and home health care (HHC).Recent FindingsPAC is increasingly utilized for older patients who require ongoing intensive services in order to achieve physical or medical stability after a hospitalization for HF. Patients admitted to SNF and/or HHC frequently h...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - June 6, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Nutritional Assessment and Dietary Interventions in Older Patients with Heart Failure
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOlder patients with heart failure (HF) are challenging to manage due to the high prevalence of frailty, polypharmacy, cognitive impairment, and other geriatric conditions. Malnutrition and poor dietary habits are also common and strongly predict adverse outcomes in older patients with HF. Current dietary recommendations for HF primarily advise reducing sodium intake, but randomized studies suggest that excess restriction can lead to adverse outcomes. The optimal dietary pattern, caloric intake, advice for weight management, and strategies for self-care in this population have not been determined.Re...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - May 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research