No Peace for the Wicked? Immorality Is Thought to Disrupt Intrapersonal Harmony, Impeding Positive Psychological States and Happiness
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13371. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13371.ABSTRACTWhy do people think that someone living a morally bad life is less happy than someone living a good life? One possibility is that judging whether someone is happy involves not only attributing positive psychological states (i.e., lots of pleasant emotions, few unpleasant emotions, and satisfaction with life) but also forming an evaluative judgment. Another possibility is that moral considerations affect happiness attributions because they tacitly influence attributions of positive psychological states. In two studies, we found strong support for the second h...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 14, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Michael M Prinzing Barbara L Fredrickson Source Type: research
Following Affirmative and Negated Rules
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13378. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13378.ABSTRACTRules are often stated in a negated manner ("no trespassing") rather than in an affirmative manner ("stay in your lane"). Here, we build on classic research on negation processing and, using a finger-tracking design on a touchscreen, we show that following negated rather than affirmative rules is harder as indicated by multiple performance measures. Moreover, our results indicate that practice has a surprisingly limited effect on negated rules, which are implemented more quickly with training, but this effect comes at the expense of reduced efficiency. Only ...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 14, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Robert Wirth Wilfried Kunde Roland Pfister Source Type: research
Face Age is Mapped Into Three-Dimensional Space
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13374. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13374.ABSTRACTPeople can represent temporal stimuli (e.g., pictures depicting past and future events) as spatially connoted dimensions arranged along the three main axes (horizontal, sagittal, and vertical). For example, past and future events are generally represented, from the perspective of the individuals, as being placed behind and in front of them, respectively. Here, we report that such a 3D representation can also emerge for facial stimuli of different ages. In three experiments, participants classified a central target face, representing an individual at differen...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mario Dalmaso Stefano Pileggi Michele Vicovaro Source Type: research
Against Arguments From Diagnostic Reasoning
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13376. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13376.ABSTRACTRecent work in cognitive psychology and experimental semantics indicates that people do not categorize natural kinds solely by virtue of their purported scientific essence. Two attempts have been made to explain away the data by appealing to the idea that participants in these studies are reasoning diagnostically. I will argue that an appeal to diagnostic reasoning will likely not help to explain away the data.PMID:37950546 | DOI:10.1111/cogs.13376 (Source: Cognitive Science)
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jeske Toorman Source Type: research
Finding Structure in Modern Dance
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13375. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13375.ABSTRACTResearch has shown that both adults and children organize familiar activity into discrete units with consistent boundaries, despite the dynamic, continuous nature of everyday experiences. However, less is known about how observers segment unfamiliar event sequences. In the current study, we took advantage of the novelty that is inherent in modern dance. Modern dance features natural human motion but does not contain canonical goals-therefore, observers cannot recruit prior goal-related knowledge to segment it. Our main aims were to identify whether observers...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Claire Monroy Laura Wagner Source Type: research
Expectations of Processing Ease, Informativeness, and Accuracy Guide Toddlers' Processing of Novel Communicative Cues
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13373. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13373.ABSTRACTDiscovering the meaning of novel communicative cues is challenging and amounts to navigating an unbounded hypothesis space. Several theories posit that this problem can be simplified by relying on positive expectations about the cognitive utility of communicated information. These theories imply that learners should assume that novel communicative cues tend to have low processing costs and high cognitive benefits. We tested this hypothesis in three studies in which toddlers (N = 90) searched for a reward hidden in one of several containers. In all studies, a...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Marie Aguirre M élanie Brun Olivier Morin Anne Reboul Olivier Mascaro Source Type: research
Face Age is Mapped Into Three-Dimensional Space
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13374. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13374.ABSTRACTPeople can represent temporal stimuli (e.g., pictures depicting past and future events) as spatially connoted dimensions arranged along the three main axes (horizontal, sagittal, and vertical). For example, past and future events are generally represented, from the perspective of the individuals, as being placed behind and in front of them, respectively. Here, we report that such a 3D representation can also emerge for facial stimuli of different ages. In three experiments, participants classified a central target face, representing an individual at differen...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mario Dalmaso Stefano Pileggi Michele Vicovaro Source Type: research
Against Arguments From Diagnostic Reasoning
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13376. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13376.ABSTRACTRecent work in cognitive psychology and experimental semantics indicates that people do not categorize natural kinds solely by virtue of their purported scientific essence. Two attempts have been made to explain away the data by appealing to the idea that participants in these studies are reasoning diagnostically. I will argue that an appeal to diagnostic reasoning will likely not help to explain away the data.PMID:37950546 | DOI:10.1111/cogs.13376 (Source: Cognitive Science)
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jeske Toorman Source Type: research
Finding Structure in Modern Dance
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13375. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13375.ABSTRACTResearch has shown that both adults and children organize familiar activity into discrete units with consistent boundaries, despite the dynamic, continuous nature of everyday experiences. However, less is known about how observers segment unfamiliar event sequences. In the current study, we took advantage of the novelty that is inherent in modern dance. Modern dance features natural human motion but does not contain canonical goals-therefore, observers cannot recruit prior goal-related knowledge to segment it. Our main aims were to identify whether observers...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Claire Monroy Laura Wagner Source Type: research
Expectations of Processing Ease, Informativeness, and Accuracy Guide Toddlers' Processing of Novel Communicative Cues
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13373. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13373.ABSTRACTDiscovering the meaning of novel communicative cues is challenging and amounts to navigating an unbounded hypothesis space. Several theories posit that this problem can be simplified by relying on positive expectations about the cognitive utility of communicated information. These theories imply that learners should assume that novel communicative cues tend to have low processing costs and high cognitive benefits. We tested this hypothesis in three studies in which toddlers (N = 90) searched for a reward hidden in one of several containers. In all studies, a...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Marie Aguirre M élanie Brun Olivier Morin Anne Reboul Olivier Mascaro Source Type: research
Face Age is Mapped Into Three-Dimensional Space
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13374. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13374.ABSTRACTPeople can represent temporal stimuli (e.g., pictures depicting past and future events) as spatially connoted dimensions arranged along the three main axes (horizontal, sagittal, and vertical). For example, past and future events are generally represented, from the perspective of the individuals, as being placed behind and in front of them, respectively. Here, we report that such a 3D representation can also emerge for facial stimuli of different ages. In three experiments, participants classified a central target face, representing an individual at differen...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mario Dalmaso Stefano Pileggi Michele Vicovaro Source Type: research
Against Arguments From Diagnostic Reasoning
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13376. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13376.ABSTRACTRecent work in cognitive psychology and experimental semantics indicates that people do not categorize natural kinds solely by virtue of their purported scientific essence. Two attempts have been made to explain away the data by appealing to the idea that participants in these studies are reasoning diagnostically. I will argue that an appeal to diagnostic reasoning will likely not help to explain away the data.PMID:37950546 | DOI:10.1111/cogs.13376 (Source: Cognitive Science)
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jeske Toorman Source Type: research
Finding Structure in Modern Dance
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13375. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13375.ABSTRACTResearch has shown that both adults and children organize familiar activity into discrete units with consistent boundaries, despite the dynamic, continuous nature of everyday experiences. However, less is known about how observers segment unfamiliar event sequences. In the current study, we took advantage of the novelty that is inherent in modern dance. Modern dance features natural human motion but does not contain canonical goals-therefore, observers cannot recruit prior goal-related knowledge to segment it. Our main aims were to identify whether observers...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 11, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Claire Monroy Laura Wagner Source Type: research
Repeat After Me? Both Children With and Without Autism Commonly Align Their Language With That of Their Caregivers
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13369. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13369.ABSTRACTLinguistic repetitions in children are conceptualized as negative in children with autism - echolalia, without communicative purpose - and positive in typically developing (TD) children - linguistic alignment involved in shared engagement, common ground and language acquisition. To investigate this apparent contradiction we analyzed spontaneous speech in 67 parent-child dyads from a longitudinal corpus (30 minutes of play activities at 6 visits over 2 years). We included 32 children with autism and 35 linguistically matched TD children (mean age at recruitme...
Source: Cognitive Science - October 31, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Riccardo Fusaroli Ethan Weed Roberta Rocca Deborah Fein Letitia Naigles Source Type: research
Repeat After Me? Both Children With and Without Autism Commonly Align Their Language With That of Their Caregivers
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13369. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13369.ABSTRACTLinguistic repetitions in children are conceptualized as negative in children with autism - echolalia, without communicative purpose - and positive in typically developing (TD) children - linguistic alignment involved in shared engagement, common ground and language acquisition. To investigate this apparent contradiction we analyzed spontaneous speech in 67 parent-child dyads from a longitudinal corpus (30 minutes of play activities at 6 visits over 2 years). We included 32 children with autism and 35 linguistically matched TD children (mean age at recruitme...
Source: Cognitive Science - October 31, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Riccardo Fusaroli Ethan Weed Roberta Rocca Deborah Fein Letitia Naigles Source Type: research
