Conversational Eyebrow Frowns Facilitate Question Identification: An Online Study Using Virtual Avatars
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13392. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13392.ABSTRACTConversation is a time-pressured environment. Recognizing a social action (the ''speech act,'' such as a question requesting information) early is crucial in conversation to quickly understand the intended message and plan a timely response. Fast turns between interlocutors are especially relevant for responses to questions since a long gap may be meaningful by itself. Human language is multimodal, involving speech as well as visual signals from the body, including the face. But little is known about how conversational facial signals contribute to the commun...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Naomi Nota James P Trujillo Judith Holler Source Type: research
Conversational Eyebrow Frowns Facilitate Question Identification: An Online Study Using Virtual Avatars
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13392. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13392.ABSTRACTConversation is a time-pressured environment. Recognizing a social action (the ''speech act,'' such as a question requesting information) early is crucial in conversation to quickly understand the intended message and plan a timely response. Fast turns between interlocutors are especially relevant for responses to questions since a long gap may be meaningful by itself. Human language is multimodal, involving speech as well as visual signals from the body, including the face. But little is known about how conversational facial signals contribute to the commun...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Naomi Nota James P Trujillo Judith Holler Source Type: research
Influence of Mental Training of Attentional Control on Autonomic Arousal Within the Framework of the Temporal Preparation of a Force Task
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13391. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13391.ABSTRACTWhile temporal preparation has frequently been examined through the manipulation of foreperiods, the role of force level during temporal preparation remains underexplored. In our study, we propose to manipulate mental training of attentional control in order to shed light on the role of the force level and autonomic nervous system in the temporal preparation of an action. Forty subjects, divided into mental training group (n = 20) and without mental training group (n = 20), participated in this study. The influence of the attentional control and force levels...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Souhir Ezzedini Sofia Ben Jebara Malek Abidi Giovanni de Marco Source Type: research
Syncopation as Probabilistic Expectation: Conceptual, Computational, and Experimental Evidence
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13390. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13390.ABSTRACTDefinitions of syncopation share two characteristics: the presence of a meter or analogous hierarchical rhythmic structure and a displacement or contradiction of that structure. These attributes are translated in terms of a Bayesian theory of syncopation, where the syncopation of a rhythm is inferred based on a hierarchical structure that is, in turn, learned from the ongoing musical stimulus. Several experiments tested its simplest possible implementation, with equally weighted priors associated with different meters and independence of auditory events, whi...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Noah R Fram Jonathan Berger Source Type: research
Influence of Mental Training of Attentional Control on Autonomic Arousal Within the Framework of the Temporal Preparation of a Force Task
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13391. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13391.ABSTRACTWhile temporal preparation has frequently been examined through the manipulation of foreperiods, the role of force level during temporal preparation remains underexplored. In our study, we propose to manipulate mental training of attentional control in order to shed light on the role of the force level and autonomic nervous system in the temporal preparation of an action. Forty subjects, divided into mental training group (n = 20) and without mental training group (n = 20), participated in this study. The influence of the attentional control and force levels...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Souhir Ezzedini Sofia Ben Jebara Malek Abidi Giovanni de Marco Source Type: research
Syncopation as Probabilistic Expectation: Conceptual, Computational, and Experimental Evidence
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13390. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13390.ABSTRACTDefinitions of syncopation share two characteristics: the presence of a meter or analogous hierarchical rhythmic structure and a displacement or contradiction of that structure. These attributes are translated in terms of a Bayesian theory of syncopation, where the syncopation of a rhythm is inferred based on a hierarchical structure that is, in turn, learned from the ongoing musical stimulus. Several experiments tested its simplest possible implementation, with equally weighted priors associated with different meters and independence of auditory events, whi...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Noah R Fram Jonathan Berger Source Type: research
Influence of Mental Training of Attentional Control on Autonomic Arousal Within the Framework of the Temporal Preparation of a Force Task
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13391. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13391.ABSTRACTWhile temporal preparation has frequently been examined through the manipulation of foreperiods, the role of force level during temporal preparation remains underexplored. In our study, we propose to manipulate mental training of attentional control in order to shed light on the role of the force level and autonomic nervous system in the temporal preparation of an action. Forty subjects, divided into mental training group (n = 20) and without mental training group (n = 20), participated in this study. The influence of the attentional control and force levels...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Souhir Ezzedini Sofia Ben Jebara Malek Abidi Giovanni de Marco Source Type: research
Syncopation as Probabilistic Expectation: Conceptual, Computational, and Experimental Evidence
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13390. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13390.ABSTRACTDefinitions of syncopation share two characteristics: the presence of a meter or analogous hierarchical rhythmic structure and a displacement or contradiction of that structure. These attributes are translated in terms of a Bayesian theory of syncopation, where the syncopation of a rhythm is inferred based on a hierarchical structure that is, in turn, learned from the ongoing musical stimulus. Several experiments tested its simplest possible implementation, with equally weighted priors associated with different meters and independence of auditory events, whi...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Noah R Fram Jonathan Berger Source Type: research
Influence of Mental Training of Attentional Control on Autonomic Arousal Within the Framework of the Temporal Preparation of a Force Task
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13391. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13391.ABSTRACTWhile temporal preparation has frequently been examined through the manipulation of foreperiods, the role of force level during temporal preparation remains underexplored. In our study, we propose to manipulate mental training of attentional control in order to shed light on the role of the force level and autonomic nervous system in the temporal preparation of an action. Forty subjects, divided into mental training group (n = 20) and without mental training group (n = 20), participated in this study. The influence of the attentional control and force levels...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Souhir Ezzedini Sofia Ben Jebara Malek Abidi Giovanni de Marco Source Type: research
Syncopation as Probabilistic Expectation: Conceptual, Computational, and Experimental Evidence
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13390. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13390.ABSTRACTDefinitions of syncopation share two characteristics: the presence of a meter or analogous hierarchical rhythmic structure and a displacement or contradiction of that structure. These attributes are translated in terms of a Bayesian theory of syncopation, where the syncopation of a rhythm is inferred based on a hierarchical structure that is, in turn, learned from the ongoing musical stimulus. Several experiments tested its simplest possible implementation, with equally weighted priors associated with different meters and independence of auditory events, whi...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 3, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Noah R Fram Jonathan Berger Source Type: research
Interpreting Rhythm as Parsing: Syntactic-Processing Operations Predict the Migration of Visual Flashes as Perceived During Listening to Musical Rhythms
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13389. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13389.ABSTRACTMusic can be interpreted by attributing syntactic relationships to sequential musical events, and, computationally, such musical interpretation represents an analogous combinatorial task to syntactic processing in language. While this perspective has been primarily addressed in the domain of harmony, we focus here on rhythm in the Western tonal idiom, and we propose for the first time a framework for modeling the moment-by-moment execution of processing operations involved in the interpretation of music. Our approach is based on (1) a music-theoretically mot...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 1, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gabriele Cecchetti C édric A Tomasini Steffen A Herff Martin A Rohrmeier Source Type: research
Interpreting Rhythm as Parsing: Syntactic-Processing Operations Predict the Migration of Visual Flashes as Perceived During Listening to Musical Rhythms
Cogn Sci. 2023 Dec;47(12):e13389. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13389.ABSTRACTMusic can be interpreted by attributing syntactic relationships to sequential musical events, and, computationally, such musical interpretation represents an analogous combinatorial task to syntactic processing in language. While this perspective has been primarily addressed in the domain of harmony, we focus here on rhythm in the Western tonal idiom, and we propose for the first time a framework for modeling the moment-by-moment execution of processing operations involved in the interpretation of music. Our approach is based on (1) a music-theoretically mot...
Source: Cognitive Science - December 1, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gabriele Cecchetti C édric A Tomasini Steffen A Herff Martin A Rohrmeier Source Type: research
Event Knowledge in Large Language Models: The Gap Between the Impossible and the Unlikely
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13386. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13386.ABSTRACTWord co-occurrence patterns in language corpora contain a surprising amount of conceptual knowledge. Large language models (LLMs), trained to predict words in context, leverage these patterns to achieve impressive performance on diverse semantic tasks requiring world knowledge. An important but understudied question about LLMs' semantic abilities is whether they acquire generalized knowledge of common events. Here, we test whether five pretrained LLMs (from 2018's BERT to 2023's MPT) assign a higher likelihood to plausible descriptions of agent-patient inter...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Carina Kauf Anna A Ivanova Giulia Rambelli Emmanuele Chersoni Jingyuan Selena She Zawad Chowdhury Evelina Fedorenko Alessandro Lenci Source Type: research
Language-Specific Constraints on Conversation: Evidence from Danish and Norwegian
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13387. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13387.ABSTRACTEstablishing and maintaining mutual understanding in everyday conversations is crucial. To do so, people employ a variety of conversational devices, such as backchannels, repair, and linguistic entrainment. Here, we explore whether the use of conversational devices might be influenced by cross-linguistic differences in the speakers' native language, comparing two matched languages-Danish and Norwegian-differing primarily in their sound structure, with Danish being more opaque, that is, less acoustically distinguished. Across systematically manipulated conver...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Christina Dideriksen Morten H Christiansen Mark Dingemanse Malte H øjmark-Bertelsen Christer Johansson Kristian Tyl én Riccardo Fusaroli Source Type: research
Effects of Iconicity in Recognition Memory
Cogn Sci. 2023 Nov;47(11):e13382. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13382.ABSTRACTIconicity refers to a resemblance between word form and meaning. Previous work has shown that iconic words are learned earlier and processed faster. Here, we examined whether iconic words are recognized better on a recognition memory task. We also manipulated the level at which items were encoded-with a focus on either their meaning or their form-in order to gain insight into the mechanism by which iconicity would affect memory. In comparison with non-iconic words, iconic words were associated with a higher false alarm rate, a lower d' score, and a lower res...
Source: Cognitive Science - November 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: David M Sidhu Nareg Khachatoorian Gabriella Vigliocco Source Type: research
