Remembering the hurt of childhood: A psychological review and call for future research.
This article provides a narrative review of the literature on children’s memory for pain to build upon previous reviews on this topic. In light of advances in neur oimaging techniques and research in pediatric pain, we summarise relevant literature on the neurobiology of pain memories to stimulate future interdisciplinary research in this area. Finally, additional directions for future research and clinical practice are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved);Dès les premiers jours de leur vie, les enfants connaissent la douleur. Étant donné la nature hautement subjective de la douleur ...
Source: Canadian Psychology - February 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Noel, Melanie; Pavlova, Maria; McCallum, Lauren; Vinall, Jillian Source Type: research
Concurrent substance use disorders and mental illness: Bridging the gap between research and treatment.
People with concurrent disorders (CDs; i.e., mental illness and substance use disorders) are at high risk for a number of adverse outcomes if they do not receive appropriate treatment. Yet despite wide availability of evidence-based guidelines and easy-to-access clinical resources for this population, implementation has lagged. Integrated treatment involves targeting both the substance use and the mental illness at the same time in a systematic way and is a recommended practice for CDs. However, very little true integration of addiction and mental health services has occurred in Canada. This review outlines the main best-p...
Source: Canadian Psychology - February 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: McKee, Shari A. Source Type: research
Violence risk assessment: A brief review, current issues, and future directions.
A little over 11 years ago, I was invited to look forward and anticipate what areas in violence risk assessment would see more study (Mills, 2005). The areas identified at that time related to (a) increased clarity on the similarities and differences between structured professional judgment and actuarial approaches to risk assessment and the associated implications, (b) advancing our understanding of risk communication and risk management, (c) including dynamic change in actuarial risk assessment, and (d) the need to recalibrate frequently used risk appraisal instruments. This brief look back at my looking forward includes...
Source: Canadian Psychology - February 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mills, Jeremy F. Source Type: research
This won ’t hurt a bit: Reflections on a career in chronic pain.
This article is based on my address to the Canadian Psychological Association at the annual convention in Victoria, British Columbia, June 11, 2016 on the occasion of receiving the Donald O. Hebb Award for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology as a Science. In the article, I present a very brief introduction to the problem of chronic postsurgical pain, including a working definition, some basic epidemiology, and its course in children and adults. I then describe some of my early work in identifying the risk factors for chronic postsurgical pain using phantom limb pain memories as an example and go on to show how these ...
Source: Canadian Psychology - February 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Katz, Joel Source Type: research
Ethics in psychology: Recalling the past, acknowledging the present, and looking to the future.
Over the past several decades, modern psychology has come a long way in its ethics journey. In this article, by looking at various time periods between the mid-19th century and the present, I provide an overview and personal reflections on some of the major events and changes in thinking that have occurred during this journey, as well as outline some of the ethical challenges I think we can expect in the immediate future. The role of local and world events are explored, along with the role of scandals, community concerns, legal developments regarding regulation, globalization, and changes in thinking about ethical decision...
Source: Canadian Psychology - February 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sinclair, Carole Source Type: research
Four decades of outcome research on psychotherapies for adult depression: An overview of a series of meta-analyses.
In the past 4 decades about 500 randomized trials have examined the effects of psychological treatments of adult depression. In this article the results of a series of meta-analyses of these trials are summarised. Several types of psychotherapy have been examined, including cognitive behaviour therapy, behavioural activation therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, problem-solving therapy, nondirective supportive therapy, and short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. All therapies are effective and there are no significant differences between treatments. Psychotherapies are about equally effective as pharmacotherapy, and combin...
Source: Canadian Psychology - February 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Cuijpers, Pim Source Type: research
Mental health in the workplace: Towards evidence-based practice.
The growing interest in workplace mental health programming has created an unprecedented opportunity for psychology. I describe a comprehensive approach toward workplace mental health incorporating a focus on prevention, intervention, and accommodation. I argue that practice in this area must move beyond advocacy to focus on evidence-based interventions designed to enhance mental health in the workplace. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved);L ′intérêt grandissant en programmation de la santé mentale en milieu de travail a créé une opportunité inouïe pour la psychologie. Je décris une appro...
Source: Canadian Psychology - February 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kelloway, E. Kevin Source Type: research
Ethical issues in psychosocial assessment for sex reassignment surgery in Canada.
Transgender individuals often pursue sex reassignment surgery to reduce the distress that results from a mismatched physical appearance and gender identity. Depending on the specific procedure, 29% –93% of transgender individuals desire some form of surgery. Sex reassignment surgery as a therapeutic intervention is controversial, as it entails the alteration or removal of healthy tissue. Due to the many considerations regarding best practices for working with transgender individuals, the Wor ld Professional Association for Transgender Health regularly publishes standards of care. Current international standards for the r...
Source: Canadian Psychology - January 12, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Toivonen, Kirsti I.; Dobson, Keith S. Source Type: research
Canadian psychology department participant pools: Closing for the season?
Participant pools have long served the needs of researchers at Canadian universities seeking easy access to participants. In providing this service, participant pools overcame substantial criticism pertaining to psychology ’s overreliance on undergraduate students as research participants. Participant pools now face new and more challenging threats: changing student demographics, declining motivation by students to participate in research, perceiving research participation as coercive, questioning of the educational value of participation, and increasingly popular alternatives to participant pool recruitment. We argue pa...
Source: Canadian Psychology - January 12, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sharpe, Donald; Poets, Sarena Source Type: research
Campus mental health policies across Canadian regions: Need for a national comprehensive strategy.
In conclusion, this study is the first of its kind to compare mental health policy at postsecondary institutions across Canadian regions. Despite work in several jurisdictions, there is still a need for compr ehensive strategies and policies that are inclusive of campus mental health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved);Les problèmes de santé mentale constituent une préoccupation grandissante sur les campus d’établissements postsecondaires. L’établissement de politiques institutionnelles ciblant la santé mentale de la population étudiante contribue à la création d’un environnement fa...
Source: Canadian Psychology - January 12, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: De Somma, Elisea; Jaworska, Natalia; Heck, Emma; MacQueen, Glenda M. Source Type: research
Predictors of student satisfaction in a large psychology undergraduate program.
Psychology is one of the most popular undergraduate majors in North America, yet few studies have examined psychology majors ’ views of their degree program. The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors that contribute to students’ satisfaction with their psychology degree. The participants were psychology majors (N = 237) graduating from a large Canadian undergraduate program. Three cohorts of graduat ing students (classes of 2013, 2014, and 2015) completed a comprehensive exit survey. Multiple regression analyses indicated that key predictors of students’ satisfaction with their degree program inclu...
Source: Canadian Psychology - December 12, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sears, Christopher R.; Boyce, Melissa A.; Boon, Susan D.; Goghari, Vina M.; Irwin, Kara; Boyes, Michael Source Type: research
Protecting visible minority children: Family –caseworker dynamics and protective authority intervention strategies.
This study underscores the fact that visible minority families receiving child protective services are a far from homogeneous group and that there are a number of effective methods that can be used with them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c ) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Canadian Psychology)
Source: Canadian Psychology - October 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dufour, Sarah; Lavergne, Chantal; Gaudet, Judith; Couture, Dominique Source Type: research
Acculturation in preventive health for immigrants: A systematic review on influenza vaccination programs in a socio-ecological framework.
Engaging immigrants in preventive health care programs, such as vaccination, constitutes a challenge. Existing programs tend to conflate issues related to immigrant status with ethnic or racial minorities. These programs also tend to ignore that acculturation and cultural discourse in health may vary depending on the immigrant subgroup and the host community ’s social environment. This paper addresses the gap in the literature by proposing a conceptual framework that uses a socioecological perspective to outline acculturation and cultural factors in immigrants’ preventive health behaviours. To this end, we synthesized ...
Source: Canadian Psychology - October 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Yong, An Gie; Lemyre, Louise; Farrell, Susan Jane; Young, Marta Yolande Source Type: research
Resilience of children with refugee statuses: A research review.
Over the past several decades, an increasing number of refugee children and families have involuntarily migrated to countries around the world to seek safety and refuge. As the refugee population increases, it is becoming more important to understand factors that promote and foster resilience among refugee youth. The present review examines the past 20 years of resilience research with refugee children to identify individual, family, school, community, and societal factors fostering resilience. This review highlights various factors that promote resilience among refugee children, including social support (from friends and ...
Source: Canadian Psychology - October 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Pieloch, Kerrie A.; McCullough, Mary Beth; Marks, Amy K. Source Type: research
Infusing sociocultural perspectives into capacity building activities to meet the needs of refugees and asylum seekers.
It is estimated that 1 in every 230 persons in the world is a child or adolescent who has been forced to flee his or her home. These statistics speak to the reality of refugees and asylum seekers who experience tremendous challenges to survive during an uncertain and often difficult journey. This literature review is an exploration of the diverse migration experiences of refugees, the challenges they face as they seek to integrate into their host societies, and the resilience characteristics shown by many refugees, as well as the protective factors that can support their social integration. We have identified key resilienc...
Source: Canadian Psychology - October 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rivera, Hector; Lynch, Julia; Li, Jui-Teng; Obamehinti, Feyi Source Type: research
