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Antimicrobial resistance from a One Health perspective in Zambia: a systematic review
ConclusionsThis review highlights three important findings. Firstly, AMR is understudied in Zambia. Secondly, the level of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics is significant across the human, animal, and environmental sectors. Thirdly, this review suggests that improved standardization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing in Zambia could help to better delineate AMR patterns, allow comparisons across different locations and tracking of AMR evolution over time. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - March 3, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Molecular surveillance reveals widespread colonisation by carbapenemase and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms in neonatal units in Kenya and Nigeria
ConclusionsGut colonisation of neonates by AMR organisms was common and occurred rapidly in NNUs in Kenya and Nigeria. Active surveillance of colonisation will improve the understanding of AMR in these settings and guide infection control and antibiotic prescribing practice to improve clinical outcomes. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 22, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Correction: Hand hygiene improvement of individual healthcare workers: results of the multicentre PROHIBIT study
(Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 19, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Evaluation of the implementation of WHO infection prevention and control core components in Turkish health care facilities: results from a WHO infection prevention and control assessment framework (IPCAF) —based survey
ConclusionsMost HCFs had an advanced level of IPC implementation, for which staffing was an important driver. To further improve care quality and ensure everyone has access to safe care, it is a key element to have enough staff, the availability of certified IPC specialists, and frequent feedback. Although there is a significant decrease in HAI rates compared to previous years, HAI rates are still high and AMR is an important problem. Increasing nurses and reducing workload can prevent HAIs and AMR. Nationwide “Antibiotic Stewardship Programme” should be initiated. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Evidence-based hand hygiene: Liquid or gel handrub, does it matter?
ConclusionThe results show that applying 1.5  ml volume was insufficient, as large part of the hand surface remained uncovered (7.0 ± 0.7% and 5.8 ± 1.0% of the hand surface in the case of gel and liquid, respectively) When 3 ml handrub was applied drying times were 40 and 42 s (gel and liquid, respectively), which is a very long time in daily clinical practice. It looks like we cannot find a volume that fits for everyone. Personalized, hand size based ABHR volumes may be the solution to find an optimal balance between maximize coverage and minimise spillage and drying time. 3 ml can be a good volume for thos...
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Antibiotic dispensing practices during COVID-19 and implications for antimicrobial resistance (AMR): parallel mystery client studies in Uganda and Tanzania
ConclusionOur study highlights low vigilance towards COVID-19 symptoms, widespread propensity to dispense prescription-only antibiotics without a prescription, and to dispense partial doses of antibiotics. This implies that drug dispensing related to COVID-19 may further drive AMR. Our study also highlights the need for more efforts to improve antibiotic stewardship among drug sellers in response to COVID-19  and to prepare them for future health emergencies. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 11, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Identifying and addressing challenges to antimicrobial use surveillance in the human health sector in low- and middle-income countries: experiences and lessons learned from Tanzania and Uganda
ConclusionsStrengthening AMU surveillance through using a capacity-building approach will fill gaps and strengthen efforts for AMR control in both countries. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 9, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

In-hospital mortality and one-year survival of critically ill patients with cancer colonized or not with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci: an observational study
ConclusionsAdult critically ill patients with active cancer and colonized by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci active cancer have a worse health status compared to patients without colonization. However, adjusting for confounders, colonization by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci are not associated with in-hospital mortality and one-year survival. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 8, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

New frontiers in healthcare environmental hygiene: thoughts from the 2022 healthcare cleaning forum
AbstractHealthcare environmental hygiene (HEH) has become recognized as being increasingly important for patient safety and the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. At the 2022 Healthcare Cleaning Forum at Interclean in Amsterdam, the academic lectures focused on a series of main areas of interest. These areas are indicative of some of the main trends and avenues for research in the coming years. Both industry and academia need to take steps to continue the momentum of HEH as we transition out of the acute phase of the Covid-19 pandemic. There is a need for new ways to facilitate collaboration between the academ...
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 7, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Infection prevention and control in Indonesian hospitals: identification of strengths, gaps, and challenges
ConclusionThe IPC level in the majority of Indonesian hospitals was assessed as advanced, but there was no even distribution over the country. The IPCAF in combination with interviews identified several priority areas for interventions to improve IPC in Indonesian hospitals. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - February 3, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Clinical factors associated with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) related bloodstream infections: a single centre retrospective cohort
ConclusionsMonitoring of clinical signs, especially fever and chills, with caution and limitation of device maintenance duration, could improve PICC management. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - January 30, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

The global prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in residents of elderly care centers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionScreening programs and preventive measures should target MRSA in ECCs due to the high global prevalence rates. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - January 29, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Healthcare-associated infections in Dutch hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic
ConclusionsRates of CRBSIs, VAPs, GIs and CNS infections among hospitalised patients increased during the first year of the pandemic. Higher CRBSI rates were observed in both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ICU population. The full scope and influencing factors of the pandemic on HAIs needs to be studied in further detail. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - January 5, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Antibiotic use by poultry farmers in Kiambu County, Kenya: exploring practices and drivers of potential overuse
ConclusionsOur findings indicate widespread use of antibiotics among poultry farmers in our study site. The use of antibiotics is influenced by an interplay of issues at the farmers ’ level as well as broader social, economic and structural level factors. A multifaceted One Health approach focusing on regulatory frameworks, knowledge transfer, and research is required to promote stewardship and judicious use of antibiotics. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - January 5, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

A pseudo-outbreak of MRSA due to laboratory contamination related to MRSA carriage of a laboratory staff member
ConclusionsThe present study describes a MRSA pseudo-outbreak over a 2.5-year period due to laboratory contamination caused by a MRSA carrying laboratory staff member involving nine patients. In case of unexpected bacteriological findings, the possibility of a laboratory contamination should be considered. (Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control)
Source: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control - January 5, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research