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Alcohol Use Disorders: Translational Utility of DSM-IV Liabilities to the DSM-5 System
Conclusions: Knowledge of risk factors for AUDs seem to transfer well to the new diagnostic system. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - February 19, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

An Efficient Screening Method for Detection of Toluene-based Inhalant Abuse in Urine by Gas Chromatography-Nitrogen Phosphorous Detector
This study aimed to develop a simple, efficient procedure for the determination of urinary hippuric acid among toluene-based inhalant users. Methods: Urine sample (1 mL) was mixed with 1 mL of methanol, spiked with hippuric acid, acidified, and heated at 65°C for 45 minutes. The mixture was extracted with chloroform (2 mL) and dried under stream of nitrogen. The residue was reconstituted in 200 μL of chloroform and subjected to a gas chromatography analysis. Results: The retention time for hippuric acid was 3.47 minutes. The within-day and between-day precision data from spiked urine sample as judged from coefficient of ...
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - February 19, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Correlated Factors and Prevalence of Alcohol Treatment in Brazil: A National Survey
Conclusions: This study found very low rates of treatment engagement among participants with alcohol disorders. Our results should help develop treatment strategies more in tune with patients’ motivations to change. There is an urgent need to implement alcohol brief interventions in primary care in Brazil. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - February 19, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Effects of Depression History and Sex on the Efficacy of Sequential Versus Standard Fluoxetine for Smoking Cessation in Elevated Depressive Symptom Smokers
Conclusions: Findings suggest the possible specific benefits of treating elevated depressive symptom smokers with recurrent MDD using fluoxetine in a sequential manner (vs. standard). However, given the small sample size, the reliability of this difference is unknown. Replication with a larger sample of recurrent MDD history is needed. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - February 19, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Attitudes and Training Needs of New England HIV Care and Addiction Treatment Providers: Opportunities for Better Integration of HIV and Alcohol Treatment Services
Conclusions: Though addressing alcohol use and HIV was acknowledged to be important, the priority of this was low, particularly early career providers. These providers may be important targets for training focusing on motivating coordination of care and skills related to assessment and counseling. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - February 19, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Toward Efficient Screening for DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorders in College Students: Performance of the Audit-C
Conclusions: Overall, preliminary findings indicate that the AUDIT-C provides reasonably good discrimination in the detection of DSM-5 AUDs in college students. Continued research is warranted to ensure the stability of the current study findings. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - February 19, 2015 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Smoking Cessation in a Community Alcohol and Drug Service: Acceptability and Feasibility
Conclusions: Providing SC support to smokers within a substance abuse treatment service in New Zealand is feasible and effective in motivating clients to make a quit attempt or at least reduce their cigarette consumption. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - November 18, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Impulsivity and Internet Gambling: What is the Link? A Preliminary Study
Discussion: This preliminary source of information support the classification ongoing debate about online gamblers. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - November 18, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The Role of the Social Environment in Alcohol or Drug Relapse of Probationers Recently Released From Jail
Conclusions: Social networks and social support may operate as dynamic factors in relapse and may be a target for intervention for adult males with substance-use disorders being released from jail. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - November 18, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The Predictive Validity of the URICA in a Sample of Patients in Substance Use Treatment
Conclusions: RTC and CA did not predict being in treatment 3 months later, and only minor associations were found with other investigated variables. The results indicate that the predictive validity of URICA for measuring motivation to change in substance use is low and URICA should be used with caution. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - November 18, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Deep Brain Stimulation in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence
Alcohol dependence is a major social, economic, and public health problem. Alcoholism can lead to damage of the gastrointestinal, nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems and it can be lethal, costing hundreds of billions to the health care system. Despite the existence of cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychosocial interventions, and spiritually integrated treatment to treat it, alcohol dependence has a high relapse rate and poor prognosis, albeit with high interindividual variability. In this review, we discuss the use of 2 neuromodulation techniques, namely repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep br...
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - November 18, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Self-reported Child Sexual Abuse, Physical Abuse, and Parental History of Drug Misuse in Opioid Dependence Syndrome
Conclusions: The findings offer important implications for ways in which health care practitioners can support this group of patients; assessing patient’s childhood history of child sexual abuse. A well-designed intervention targeting both opioid dependence and child sexual abuse may help to improve the outcomes of this group of patients. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - November 18, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Vivitrol and Depression: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
The introduction of a long-acting depot formulation of naltrexone (Vivitrol), FDA approved for the treatment of alcohol and opioid dependence in 2006 and 2010, respectively, has raised safety concerns including: (1) risk of development or exacerbation of depressive symptoms during treatment; and (2) increased risk of opioid overdose after treatment cessation. The concern that treatment with long-acting naltrexone may lead to depressive symptoms has a plausible theoretical basis given the medication’s blockade of µ-opioid receptors, which, when activated, lead to positive mood states. Risk of depression and suicidality a...
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - September 1, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in First-degree Relatives of Patients With Drug Dependence With and Without Comorbid Psychiatric Disorder Using the Family History Method (FH-RDC)
Conclusions: Familial psychiatric morbidity risk was not associated with psychiatric disorder in patients with drug dependence. (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - September 1, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Effect of Buprenorphine on Liver Function Tests for Patients Undergoing Long-term Maintenance Treatment
In this study, the elevations of aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase from the time of admission to most recently were (Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment)
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - September 1, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research