More Visceral Fat, Greater Cognitive Decline in Later Life
Modern studies of the effects of excess body weight on long term health use measures, such as waist circumference or weight-adjusted waist index, that are more sensitive to visceral fat than subcutaneous fat. Excess visceral fat in the abdomen is actively harmful, in large part via causing an increased level of chronic inflammation via a variety of distinct mechanisms. Chronic inflammation accelerates the onset and drives the progression of neurodegenerative conditions, and thus might be expected to correlate with cognitive decline.
Some studies suggest that excessive obesity can lead to cognitive decline and deme...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 20, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Circulating Protein Biomarkers Correlate with Future Risk of Dementia
Researchers here demonstrate a predictive biomarker panel for Alzheimer's disease risk based on protein levels assessed in a blood sample. This is a one of a number of similar tests developed in recent years. The question is what one might do given a measurement that suggests high risk of Alzheimer's disease. At present, the only option is to generally improve lifestyle choices, but Alzheimer's is not as correlated with lifestyle factors as is the case for, say, type 2 diabetes. Based on the suggestion that senescent cells are important to neurodegeneration, one might take senolytic drugs intermittently, a few times a year...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 20, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
To What Degree is Alzheimer's Disease a Modern Phenomenon?
Here find an interesting commentary on what might be gleaned of the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in antiquity from the body of ancient writings on the topic of aging, memory, and health. The consensus is that Alzheimer's disease is a creation of modernity, some combination of a longer life expectancy for a greater fraction of the population coupled with increased calorie intake and less active lives. Yet unlike type 2 diabetes, risk of Alzheimer's risk doesn't correlate well with the usual suspect lifestyle choices that raise the risk of age-related disease and lower life expectancy.
This line of thinking has l...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 19, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Reviewing the Development of Senotherapeutics to Treat Aging
Senescent cells accumulate with age and contribute meaningfully to chronic inflammation and degenerative aging. Destroying these cells produces rapid and sizable reversal of age-related diseases in mice, demonstrating that the presence of senescence cells acts to maintain a more dysfunctional, inflamed metabolism. This is well known by now, and numerous biotech companies in the first wave of development of senolytic treatments to selectively destroy senescent cells are in varying stages of preclinical and clinical development. Meanwhile, the off-label use of dasatinib and quercetin, a low-cost senolytic therapy that is nei...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 19, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Age-Related Changes in mTORC1-Related Nutrient Sensing Degrade Intestinal Stem Cell Function
In conclusion, mTORC1 signaling contributes to the ISC fate decision, enabling regional control of intestinal cell differentiation in response to nutrition.
Link: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi2671 (Source: Fight Aging!)
Source: Fight Aging! - February 19, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, February 19th 2024
This study aimed to explore the metabolic mechanisms and potential biomarkers associated with declining HGS among older adults. We recruited 15 age- and environment-matched inpatients (age, 77-90 years) with low or normal HGS. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequencing were performed to analyze the metabolome of serum and stool samples and the gut microbiome composition of stool samples. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to identify the potential serum and fecal metabolites associated with HGS.
We assessed the levels of serum and fecal metabolites belonging to...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 18, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Why the Low Weight Group Exhibits Worse Outcomes in Some Epidemiological Studies
In this study, we first explored the association between WC, WHtR, and WWI change patterns and multimorbidity. WC and WHtR are considered to be important anthropometric indicators of abdominal obesity. Previous studies have suggested that WC and WHtR can reflect body fat percentage accurately and play an important role in predicting some chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. The pathway may explain that abdominal obesity significantly increased plasma triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, and very low density lipoproteins, which have been shown to increase the risk of adverse outcomes ...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
MiR-145-5p Overexpression Improves Stem Cell Transplantation
In this study, we found that ADSCs isolated from old donors (O-ADSCs) presented inferior phenotypes and decreased miR-145-5p levels compared to those from young donors (Y-ADSCs). To interrogate the role of miR-145-5p in ADSCs, gain- and loss-of-function approaches were performed. The results indicated that miR-145-5p overexpression in O-ADSCs promoted cellular proliferation and migration, while reducing cell senescence. Further study demonstrated that miR-145-5p could regulate ADSCs function by targeting bone morphogenetic protein binding endothelial cell precursor-derived regulator (BMPER), which is a crucial modulator in...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Brain Cells Exhibit Maladaptive Changes in Response to an Aged Signaling Environment
How much of the declining function characteristic of aging is a matter of accumulated damage versus maladaptive responses to that damage? Damage to tissues alters the balance of molecules secreted by cells in those tissues, thereby changing the signaling environment both locally and throughout the body, causing other cells and tissues to react. Some of those reactions are harmful. The chronic inflammation of aging is a prominent example, the immune system serving as a broadcast network enabling dysfunction in one location in the body to contribute to harmful consequences everywhere else.
Aging brings about a myria...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Gut Microbiome Changes Correlate with Low Grip Strength in Older People
This study aimed to explore the metabolic mechanisms and potential biomarkers associated with declining HGS among older adults. We recruited 15 age- and environment-matched inpatients (age, 77-90 years) with low or normal HGS. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequencing were performed to analyze the metabolome of serum and stool samples and the gut microbiome composition of stool samples. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to identify the potential serum and fecal metabolites associated with HGS.
We assessed the levels of serum and fecal metabolites belonging to...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 15, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Abdominal Fat Correlates with Cognitive Decline
This study investigated the association between abdominal adiposity at baseline and change in cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults using longitudinal data collected separately for men and women over 10 years. Cognitive function was evaluated biennially using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) over 10 years. Waist circumference (WC) was measured at the naval level, and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and visceral fat area (VFA) were assessed using baseline computed tomography scans.
This study included 873 older adults. In men, the groups with the highest levels of WC, SFA, and VFA exhibited a grea...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 15, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Towards Ways to Interfere in the Inflammatory Response to Mislocalized Mitochondrial DNA
Some fraction of the chronic inflammation of aging emerges because mitochondrial stress and dysfunction causes ejection of mitochondrial DNA fragments into the cell cytoplasm, where these fragments trigger the cGAS-STING pathway and consequent inflammatory signaling. Cells have evolved to be vigilant to misplaced DNA in large part because it is a marker of viral or bacterial infection. Obtaining a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in this process may identify points of intervention, ways to selectively suppress either the exposure of mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm or the reaction to that DNA when it is ex...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 15, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Monocyte Population Differences with Age Following Bone Fracture
The innate immune system is involved in tissue maintenance and regeneration. That includes populations of monocytes, circulating innate immune cells in the bloodstream that enter damaged tissue to become macrophages. Monocytes are somewhat easier to catalog and study than is the case for macrophages. The former can be found in a blood sample, while the latter require a tissue sample. Researchers tend to follow the incentives attending the cost and availability of data, and thus we have examples like today's open access paper, in which the authors focus on circulating monocytes in the context of bone fracture.
You mi...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 14, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Epigenetic Clocks Do Not Only Measure Epigenetic Drift
Epigenetic clocks are produced from data on the status of DNA methylation at CpG sites in the genome at various ages via machine learning processes. Thus it is unclear as to what the clocks actually measure. There is no catalog to state how and why each CpG site on the genome is or is not methylated at any given time. There is little to no understanding of the mechanistic links between specific epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation and specific mechanisms and states of aging. In that context, the work here is interesting, demonstrating that stochastic epigenetic dysregulation with age, known as epigenetic drift, contrib...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 14, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Allostatic Load as a Correlate of Aging
Allostatic load is the concept of wear and tear on the body that emerges from stresses via overactivation of the neuroendocrine system. Causative stresses can range from starvation to psychological stress to a high burden of age-related dysfunction. At some point reactions to stress that are compensatory tip over into being themselves damaging. Thus one could expect allostatic load to correlate with degenerative aging and risk of mortality to at least some degree. In practice, however, there is little agreement on how to measure allostatic load, particularly in human patients, which makes it hard to compare results from st...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 14, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
