Eosinophilic Gastritis/Gastroenteritis

AbstractPurpose of ReviewEosinophilic gastritis/gastroenteritis (EG/EGE) are rare eosinophilic infiltrative disorders in children and adults that fall under the umbrella term eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs). EGIDs also include eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and eosinophilic colitis. In this article, we present the current literature regarding the clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and management of EG/EGE.Recent FindingsThe underlying complex pathophysiology remains unknown, yet hypersensitivity response is a central component. Unlike EoE, standardized diagnostic criteria are lacking but, promising research employing tissue-based and blood-based methods of diagnosis have been reported. Non-EoE EGIDs are more challenging to treat than EoE. More than a third of patients may achieve spontaneous remission. Still, most will require dietary elimination and/or pharmaceutical interventions, mainly corticosteroids, but also biologics (monoclonal antibodies against IL-4, IL-5, TNF α, integrin α4β7, and IgE), mast-cell stabilizers, leukotriene (LT)-receptor antagonists, and antihistamines. Promising research suggests the role of AK002, an anti-siglec antibody, in clinical and histological improvement.SummaryGiven the rarity and underdiagnosis of EG/EGE, different natural progression compared to EoE, heterogeneous clinical manifestations, and probable normal endoscopic appearance, it is vital to maintain a high suspicion index in atopic patients, obtain at ...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research