The Cutting Edge Research of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Japan: Review on JGA Core Symposium 2018 –2020

Highly impacted articles on functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders research presented at the core symposium held in the Japanese Gastroenterological Association (JGA) annual meeting 2018 –2020 are selected and summarized. Regarding visceral hypersensitivity and sensor in GI tracts, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 ion channel and acid-sensitive ion channel were candidates for hypersensitivity in GI tracts. ATP release from vesicular nucleotide transporter may be a key path way to sensitize the nerve endings. Regarding inflammation and mucosal immune responses, patients infected withH. pylori having Ser70 type single nucleotide polymorphism of NapA gene was associated withH. pylori-related dyspepsia via gastric dysmotility. Gastric histology infected with Ser70 type NapA was shown severe infiltration of neutrophils into intramuscular layer. Macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils are infiltrated in the colon of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and the locally produced IL-1 β upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in enteric glia cells. BDNF can also stimulate nerve endings and might be linked to pain in the colon. Dysbiosis in the composition of commensal bacteria communities is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases including IBS and gut- brain interaction. The investigation on the mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) is essential for understanding the interactions. The α-diversity and β-diversity of MAM indices are significa...
Source: Digestion - Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research