Cardiovascular Effects of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes

In this study, conducted in 16 centers in the United States, 5145 overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to participate in an intensive lifestyle intervention that promoted weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity, the intervention group, or receive diabetes support and education only, the control group. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for angina occurring over a maximum follow-up of 13.5 years. At a median follow-up of 9.6 years, the trial was stopped early based on analysis of futility. Weight loss was greater in the intervention group than the control group throughout the study (8.6% vs 0.7% at 1 year; 6% vs 3.5% at study end). The intensive lifestyle intervention also produced greater reductions in glycated hemoglobin and greater initial improvements in fitness and in all cardiovascular risk factors except for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The primary outcome occurred in 403 patients in the intervention group and in 418 in the control group (1.83 and 1.92 events/100 person-years, respectively; hazard ratio for the intervention group, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-1.09; P = .51).
Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery - Category: Surgery Authors: Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research