Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 968: Gut DNA Virome Diversity and Its Association with Host Bacteria Regulate Inflammatory Phenotype and Neuronal Immunotoxicity in Experimental Gulf War Illness

Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 968: Gut DNA Virome Diversity and Its Association with Host Bacteria Regulate Inflammatory Phenotype and Neuronal Immunotoxicity in Experimental Gulf War Illness Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11100968 Authors: Ratanesh K. Seth Rabia Maqsood Ayan Mondal Dipro Bose Diana Kimono LaRinda A. Holland Patricia Janulewicz Lloyd Nancy Klimas Ronnie D. Horner Kimberly Sullivan Efrem S. Lim Saurabh Chatterjee Gulf War illness (GWI) is characterized by the persistence of inflammatory bowel disease, chronic fatigue, neuroinflammation, headache, cognitive impairment, and other medically unexplained conditions. Results using a murine model show that enteric viral populations especially bacteriophages were altered in GWI. The increased viral richness and alpha diversity correlated positively with gut bacterial dysbiosis and proinflammatory cytokines. Altered virome signature in GWI mice also had a concomitant weakening of intestinal epithelial tight junctions with a significant increase in Claudin-2 protein expression and decrease in ZO1 and Occludin mRNA expression. The altered virome signature in GWI, decreased tight junction protein level was followed by the presence an activation of innate immune responses such as increased Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways. The altered virome diversity had a positive correlation with serum IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, intestinal inflammation (IFN-γ), and decrease...
Source: Viruses - Category: Virology Authors: Tags: Article Source Type: research