Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on Observational Studies

AbstractDiffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a rare but potentially deadly manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of DAH in SLE. A systematic review and meta-analysis of previous observational studies compared the clinical characteristics and risk factors between DAH-SLE and SLE patients without DAH. A total of 5 observational studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the SLE patients without DAH, DAH-SLE patients had a significantly higher incidence of neuropsychiatric events (OR  = 4.321, 95% CI (1.686–11.073),P = 0.002,I2 = 49.2%), nephritis (OR = 3.146, 95% CI (1.663–5.955,),P = 0.000,I2 = 0.0%), serositis (OR = 6.028, 95% CI (1.418–25.635),P = 0.015,I2 = 80.3%), dyspnea (OR = 31.241,95% CI (0.202–4833.203),P = 0.181,I2 = 94.6%), and a significantly lower level of C3 (SMD = − 1.358, 95% CI − 1.685, − 1.031),P = 0.000,I2 = 98.0%), C4 (SMD = − 1.251, 95% CI (− 1.648, − 0.855),P = 0.000,I2 = 87.7%), hemoglobin (SMD = − 2.074, 95% CI (− 2.433, − 1.715),P = 0.000,I2 = 94.2%), and a higher SLEDAI-2K score (SMD = 1.284, 95% CI (0.959, 1.608),P = 0.000,I2 = 98.2%). However, due to significant heterogeneity, some of these results should be interpreted cautiously. Nevertheless, when the above abnormal indicators are found, espec...
Source: Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research