Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified Donor Lymphocyte Infusion Improves the Survival of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients With Relapsed Diseases After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

In this study, 5 B-ALL patients who relapsed after allo-HSCT received CAR-DLI (CAR-DLI group), and the outcome was compared with 27 relapsed B-ALL patients who received DLI therapy (DLI group). The median complete remission duration of CAR-DLI group was significantly (P=0.020) longer when compared with DLI group: 9 months (range, 2–29) versus 3.2 months (range, 0–17.4). Furthermore, patients receiving CAR-DLI showed significant (P=0.049) survival advantage over DLI group, with median overall survival of 12 months (range, 3–29) and 3.7 months (range, 0–65), respectively. Of note, no patient developed acute graft versus host disease in the CAR-DLI group, while incidence of acute graft versus host disease grades I–II and grades III–IV were 2 (7%) and 4 (14.8%) in the DLI group, respectively. In addition, cytokine release syndrome in CAR-DLI group was manageable. Overall, our study demonstrated that CAR-DLI significantly improved the survival of B-ALL patients relapsed after allo-HSCT, thus indicating that CAR-DLI may represent an alternative and more effective therapy for B-ALL patients with relapsed diseases.
Source: Journal of Immunotherapy - Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research