Comparison of the effects of sulforaphane and pioglitazone on insulin resistance and associated dyslipidemia, hepatosteatosis, and endothelial dysfunction in fructose-fed rats

Publication date: Available online 13 December 2018Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Noha M. Shawky, George S.G. Shehatou, Ghada M. Suddek, Nariman M. GameilAbstractThe purpose of this work was to compare the influences of sulforaphane (SFN) to those of the standard insulin sensitizer pioglitazone (PIO) on high fructose diet (HFrD)-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hepatosteatosis, and vascular dysfunction in rats.Male Sprague Dawley rats (150-200 g) were fed on a standard diet (control) or a high fructose diet (HFrD, 60% w/w fructose) for 60 days. From day 16, two subgroups of HFrD-fed rats received either SFN (0.5 mg/kg/day, orally) or PIO (5 mg/kg/day, orally) along with HFrD until the end of the experiment.Fructose-fed rats showed significant decreases in food intake, body weight and feeding efficiency; effects that were not altered by either treatment. Data from insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HOMA-IR and HOMA-β indices demonstrated impaired insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization in HFrD-fed rats.SFN and PIO treatments significantly reduced OGTTAUC (Glass's Delta values = 1.12 and 0.84, respectively), decreased ITTAUC (Glass's Delta values = 1.05 and 0.71, respectively), significantly diminished HOMA-IR index (by 55.6% and 77.6%, respectively), and increased HOMA-β value (by 1.8 and 1.3 fold, respectively) compared to the HFrD rats. Moreover, SFN and PIO ameliorated hepatic oxidative...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research