The engagement of brain cytochrome P450 in the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substrates: a possible role in mental disorders.

The engagement of brain cytochrome P450 in the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substrates: a possible role in mental disorders. Drug Metab Rev. 2018 Dec 02;:1-41 Authors: Haduch A, Daniel WA Abstract The current state of knowledge indicates that the cerebral cytochrome P450 (CYP) plays an important role in the endogenous metabolism in the brain. Different CYP isoenzymes mediate metabolism of many endogenous substrates, such as monoaminergic neurotransmitters, neurosteroids, cholesterol, vitamins and arachidonic acid. Therefore, these enzymes may affect brain development, susceptibility to mental and neurodegenerative diseases and may contribute to their pathophysiology. In addition, they can modify the therapeutic effects of psychoactive drugs at the place of their target action in the brain, where the drugs can act by affecting the metabolism of endogenous substrates. The article focuses on the role of cerebral CYP isoforms in the metabolism of neurotransmitters, neurosteroids and cholesterol, and their possible involvement in animal behavior, as well as in stress, depression, schizophrenia, cognitive processes, learning and memory. CYP-mediated alternative pathways of dopamine and serotonin synthesis may have a significant role in the local production of these neurotransmitters in the brain regions where the disturbances of these neurotransmitter systems are observed in depression and schizophrenia. The local alternative synth...
Source: Drug Metabolism Reviews - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Drug Metab Rev Source Type: research