Cholinergic activity regulates the secretome of epicardial adipose tissue: Association with atrial fibrillation

Muscarinic receptor type 3 is upregulated after adipogenesis.Epicardial fat from atrium or ventricles express this receptor and contain cholinergic activity.Epicardial fat ‐released proteins after cholinergic activity as possible predictors of postoperative AF AbstractBotulinum toxin injection on epicardial fat, which inhibits acetylcholine (ACh) release, reduced the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients after heart surgery. Thus, we wanted to study the profile of the released proteins of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) under cholinergic activity (ACh treatment) and their value as AF predictors. Biopsies, explants, or primary cultures were obtained from the EAT of 85 patients that underwent open heart surgery. The quantification of muscarinic receptors (mAChR) by real ‐time polymerase chain reaction or western blot showed their expression in EAT. Moreover, mAChR Type 3 was upregulated after adipogenesis induction (p <  0.05). Cholinergic fibers in EAT were detected by vesicular ACh transporter levels and/or acetylcholinesterase activity. ACh treatment modified the released proteins by EAT, which were identified by nano‐high‐performance liquid chromatography and TripleTOF analysis. These differentially relea sed proteins were involved in cell structure, inflammation, or detoxification. After testing the plasma levels of alpha‐defensin 3 (inflammation‐involved protein) of patients who underwent open heart surgery (n = 24), we observed different...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - Category: Cytology Authors: Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research