When Translational Neuroscience Fails in the Clinic: Dexamethasone Prior to Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy Increases Drop-Out Rates

Publication date: Available online 29 October 2018Source: Journal of Anxiety DisordersAuthor(s): Jessica Maples-Keller, Tanja Jovanovic, Boadie W. Dunlop, Sheila Rauch, Carly Yasinski, Vasiliki Michopoulos, Callan Coghlan, Seth Norrholm, Albert Skip Rizzo, Kerry Ressler, Barbara O. RothbaumAbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by exaggerated expression of fear responses to danger and safety cues. Translational research suggests that dexamethasone facilitates fear extinction in animal and human fear conditioning models. For this randomized, placebo-controlled trial (N = 27), we aimed to translate these findings to the clinic by using virtual reality exposure (VRE) therapy for OEF/OIF/OND veterans with PTSD to determine whether dexamethasone will increase the efficacy of exposure therapy for VRE relative to placebo. VRE sessions involved imaginal exposure to the most traumatic war memories while viewing a computer-generated view of virtual Iraq or Afghanistan with multisensory stimulus options used to match patient’s description of the traumatic. VRE was effective in reducing PTSD symptoms but there was no interaction with dexamethasone. Drop-out rate was significantly higher in the dexamethasone group, with 10 of 13 (76.9%) participants in this group discontinuing, compared to only 4 of 14 (28.5%) in the placebo group, χ2 = 6.31, p = 0.02. Results indicate that the dexamethasone group may have experienced an increase in PTSD symptoms, par...
Source: Journal of Anxiety Disorders - Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research