Pupillary light reflex as a new prognostic marker in patients with heart failure

Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of death globally1. Neuroendocrine dysregulation is among the most important pathophysiological factors involved in the high mortality rate associated with HF2. Neuroendocrine dysregulation is observed mainly as an imbalance of autonomic control3, and is characterized by markedly elevated sympathetic activation4 and parasympathetic withdrawal5. Autonomic function is generally evaluated by heart rate variability obtained from Holter electrocardiography6, and its clinical implications have been demonstrated in patients with HF7, 8.
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - Category: Cardiology Authors: Tags: Clinical Investigation Source Type: research