IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 1773: Vitamin D Deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease: Recent Evidence and Controversies

IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 1773: Vitamin D Deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease: Recent Evidence and Controversies International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health doi: 10.3390/ijerph15081773 Authors: Pedro Henrique Franca Gois Martin Wolley Dwarakanathan Ranganathan Antonio Carlos Seguro Vitamin D (VD) is a pro-hormone essential for life in higher animals. It is present in few types of foods and is produced endogenously in the skin by a photochemical reaction. The final step of VD activation occurs in the kidneys involving a second hydroxylation reaction to generate the biologically active metabolite 1,25(OH)2-VD. Extrarenal 1α-hydroxylation has also been described to have an important role in autocrine and paracrine signaling. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been in the spotlight as a major public healthcare issue with an estimated prevalence of more than a billion people worldwide. Among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), VDD prevalence has been reported to be as high as 80%. Classically, VD plays a pivotal role in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Nevertheless, there is a growing body of evidence supporting the importance of VD in many vital non-skeletal biological processes such as endothelial function, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulation, redox balance and innate and adaptive immunity. In individuals with CKD, VDD has been associated with albuminuria, faster progression of kidney disease and increased all...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - Category: Environmental Health Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research