Association of mutations with morphologic dysplasia in de novo acute myeloid leukemia without 2016 WHO Classification-defined cytogenetic abnormalities.

In this study, we evaluated and scored dysplasia in bone marrow specimens from 168 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia; none of these patients had 2016 WHO Classification-defined cytogenetic abnormalities. We then performed targeted sequencing of diagnostic bone marrow aspirates for recurrent mutations associated with myeloid malignancies. We found that cohesin pathway mutations (q (FDR-adjusted p)=0.046) were associated with a higher degree of megakaryocytic dysplasia and STAG2 mutations were marginally associated with greater myeloid lineage dysplasia (q=0.052). Frequent megakaryocytes with separated nuclear lobes were more commonly seen among cases with cohesin pathway mutations (q=0.010) and specifically in those with STAG2 mutations (q=0.010), as well as NPM1 mutations (q=0.022 when considering the presence of any versus no megakaryocytes with separated nuclear lobes). RAS pathway mutations (q=0.006) and FLT3-ITD (q=0.006) were significantly more frequent in cases without evaluable erythroid cells. In univariate analysis of the 153 patients treated with induction chemotherapy, NPM1 mutations were associated with longer event-free survival (EFS, p=0.042), while RUNX1 (p=0.042), NF1 (p=0.040), frequent micromegakaryocytes (p=0.018) and presence of a subclone (p=0.002) were associated with shorter EFS. In multivariable modelling, NPM1 was associated with longer EFS, while presence of a subclone and frequent micromegakaryocytes remained significantly associated with...
Source: Haematologica - Category: Hematology Authors: Tags: Haematologica Source Type: research