Pentoxifylline Alleviates Early Brain Injury After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats: Possibly via Inhibiting TLR 4/NF- κB Signaling Pathway.

Pentoxifylline Alleviates Early Brain Injury After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats: Possibly via Inhibiting TLR 4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.
Neurochem Res. 2016 Dec 08;
Authors: Xia DY, Zhang HS, Wu LY, Zhang XS, Zhou ML, Hang CH
Abstract
Early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) generally causes significant and lasting damage. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has shown anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in several brain injury models, but the role of PTX with respect to EBI following SAH remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of PTX on EBI after SAH in rats. Adult male Sprauge-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the sham and SAH groups. PTX (30 or 60 mg/kg) or an equal volume of the administration vehicle (normal saline) was administrated at 30 min intervals following SAH. Neurological scores, brain edema, and neural cell apoptosis were evaluated. In order to explore other mechanisms, changes in the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, in terms of the levels of apoptosis-associated proteins, were also investigated. We found that administration of PTX (60 mg/kg) notably improved neurological function and decreased brain edema at both 24 and 72 h following SAH. Treatment with PTX (60 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the protein expressions of TLR4, NF-κB, MyD88 and the d...

Source: Neurochemical Research - December 7, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Xia DY, Zhang HS, Wu LY, Zhang XS, Zhou ML, Hang CH Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research