Rebalancing NOX2/Nrf2 to limit inflammation and oxidative stress across gut-brain axis in migraine

Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Mar;213:65-78. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.018. Epub 2024 Jan 19.ABSTRACTMigraine is one of the most common neurological illnesses, and it is characterized by complicated neurobiology. It was confirmed the influence of inflammation and oxidative stress in migraines and also in distal organs such as the intestine. Indeed, the constant bidirectional communication between the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, known as the gut-brain axis, has become an attractive target involved in different human disorders. Herein, we explored the role of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) in nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine in mice models to discover the mechanism by which, during migraine attack, oxidative stress is sustained within trigeminal neurons and GI. Considering the inverse relationship between NOX2 and Nrf2, Nrf2 upregulation seems to be a promising approach to decrease NOX2 expression and consequently limit oxidative stress and inflammation spread in neurological and non-neurological diseases. With this aim, we exploited tempol's Nrf2-inducer ability to better understand the involvement of Nrf2/NOX2 axis in migraine and associated GI comorbidities. Behavioral tests confirmed that tempol, in a dose-dependent manner, moderated clinical signs of migraine and abdominal pain. Moreover, we demonstrated that the decrease in migraine-related symptomatology was strongly linked to the modulation of Nrf2/NOX2 signaling pathway in the b...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - Category: Biology Authors: Source Type: research