Ultrastructure and laboratory effect of mesenchymal stem cells in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats

AbstractDiabetes is a worldwide leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common chronic autoimmune disorder in children and young adults. There is currently no definitive treatment for T1D. Stem cell administration appeared as an experimental treatment showing an improvement in the clinical outcome and restoration of tissue architecture in many disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showed their capacity to generate insulin-producing cells as a promising potential treatment for diabetic patients. The present work aimed to study the effect of MSCs on the ultrastructure and laboratory findings of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D in rats. Sixty male albino rats were divided into three groups: group I (control), group II (STZ-induced diabetic), and group III (STZ-induced diabetic-treated with MSCs). Ultrastructure study, as well as glucose and insulin measurements, was done for the three groups. The diabetic group showed significantly higher glucose and lower insulin levels compared to the other two groups, while the diabetic group treated with MSCs showed a non-significant difference compared to the control group. On the ultrastructure level, the diabetic group showed nuclear degeneration, loss of cytoplasmic organelles, loss of cell membranes, pyknotic nuclei, and apoptosis. All these findings were mostly reversed by the use of MSCs in the diabetic-treated group. We conclude that the use of MSCs reversed the laboratory and ultrastructure...
Source: Comparative Clinical Pathology - Category: Pathology Source Type: research