Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in people with Cystic Fibrosis: a systematic review of prevalence, risk factors and management

AbstractTo summarize the current knowledge of the clinical impact ofStenotrophomonas maltophilia (SM) in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. A systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline recommendations, was performed through searches in PubMed and EMBASE databases, and CF National and International Registries websites from 2000 to 2022. Overall, 184 articles were initially retrieved, out of which 15 were selected and included in the review. Data form 6 Registries and 9 pertinent articles from the references of the studies selected were also considered, resulting in 30 studies in total. The prevalence ofSM in patients with CF is increasing in Europe while it is declining in North America. The role of chronic colonization ofSM on lung function and clinical status in CF patients is still under debate. The most recent studies suggested a pathogenic role ofSM chronic infections in CF patients with an acceleration in lung function decline, an increase in hospitalization rates and an association with co-infection. Reflecting the uncertainty about the role ofSM in CF, little is available about antibiotic therapeutic strategies for both acute exacerbations and chronic infections. Antimicrobial therapy should be performed in the acute exacerbations, while it may be reasonable to attempt eradication when the first colonization is identified. Nevertheless, it is not established which antibiotic regimen should be pre...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - Category: Microbiology Source Type: research