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Statins side effects are minimal, study argues
ConclusionThis meta-analysis pooled results from 29 studies and has shown a very small increased risk of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. This is the same as the decreased risk of any cause of death in people taking statins, compared to placebo, to prevent a heart attack or stroke.The researchers point out some limitations to the meta-analysis: Each study did not report on all of the side effects, meaning that for each category of side effect, the number of participants differed. The side effect categories were only included if at least 500 people had reported suffering from it. This means there may be numerous other si...
Source: NHS News Feed - March 13, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Medication Source Type: news

Hypertension in hemodialysis patients treated with atenolol or lisinopril: a randomized controlled trial
Conclusions Among maintenance dialysis patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, atenolol-based antihypertensive therapy may be superior to lisinopril-based therapy in preventing cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause hospitalizations. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00582114)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - February 28, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Agarwal, R., Sinha, A. D., Pappas, M. K., Abraham, T. N., Tegegne, G. G. Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatments of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Risk of intracranial hemorrhage associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in patients with end stage renal disease
Conclusions: ADPKD is a significant risk factor for ICH among patients on maintenance dialysis. Our Medicare primary cohort was older than in previous studies of intracranial aneurysm rupture among ADPKD patients. There are also limitations inherent to using the USRDS database.
Source: BioMed Central - February 26, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: David J YooLawrence AgodoaChristina M YuanKevin C AbbottRobert Nee Source Type: research

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients.
CONCLUSIONS: Statins may reduce cardiovascular events in kidney transplant recipients, although treatment effects are imprecise. Statin treatment has uncertain effects on overall mortality, stroke, kidney function, and toxicity outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Additional studies would improve our confidence in the treatment benefits and harms of statins on cardiovascular events in this clinical setting. PMID: 24470059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 3, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Perkovic V, Johnson DW, Nigwekar SU, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Time-averaged level of fibroblast growth factor-23 and clinical events in chronic kidney disease
Conclusions Our study confirms that FGF23 is an important cardiovascular risk factor. Two measurements of FGF23 have no added value over a single value to predict the cardiovascular outcome. This study demonstrates that, under routine clinical practice, the variability of FGF23 in 2 years' time is small. Concomitantly, this study showed no benefit of consecutive FGF23 testing for estimating the risk of a clinical event in an individual patient.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - January 10, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bouma-de Krijger, A., Bots, M. L., Vervloet, M. G., Blankestijn, P. J., ter Wee, P. W., van Zuilen, A. D., Wetzels, J. F. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Kidney Stones and Cardiovascular Events: A Cohort Study.
CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of a kidney stone is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events, including AMI, PTCA/CABG, and stroke. PMID: 24311706 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN - December 5, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Alexander RT, Hemmelgarn BR, Wiebe N, Bello A, Samuel S, Klarenbach SW, Curhan GC, Tonelli M, for the Alberta Kidney Disease Network Tags: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol Source Type: research

Decline in renal functioning is associated with longitudinal decline in global cognitive functioning, abstract reasoning and verbal memory
Conclusions Early detection of mild to moderate kidney disease is an important public health concern with regard to cognitive decline.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 10, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Davey, A., Elias, M. F., Robbins, M. A., Seliger, S. L., Dore, G. A. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Effects of angiotensin receptor blockade (ARB) on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with long-term haemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial
Conclusions BP-lowering treatment with an ARB did not significantly lower the risks of major cardiovascular events or death among patients with hypertension on chronic HD. (Cochrane Renal Group Prospective Trial Register number CRG010600030).
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - June 18, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Iseki, K., Arima, H., Kohagura, K., Komiya, I., Ueda, S., Tokuyama, K., Shiohira, Y., Uehara, H., Toma, S., on behalf of the Olmesartan Clinical Trial in Okinawan Patients Under OKIDS (OCTOPUS) Group, Tomiyama, Arima, Chinen, Tokashiki, Hirano-Nakasone, N Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatment of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Use and safety of heparin-free maintenance hemodialysis in the USA
Conclusions Patient markers of increased risk of bleeding and facility region associated with heparin-free HD use. Despite the potential benefits of avoiding heparin use, heparin-free HD was not significantly associated with decreased hazards of death, bleeding or thrombosis, suggesting that it may be no safer than HD with heparin.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - June 18, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Shen, J. I., Mitani, A. A., Chang, T. I., Winkelmayer, W. C. Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatment of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Kidney disease and cognitive function.
Abstract We provide a brief review of research on chronic kidney disease and cognitive performance, including dementia. We touch briefly on the literature relating end-stage-renal disease to cognitive function, but focus on studies of modest and moderate forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that precede dialysis and transplantation. We summarize previous reviews dealing with case control studies of patients but more fully examine community-based studies with large samples and necessary controls for demographic risk factors, cardiovascular variables, and other confounds such as depression. In addition we suggest p...
Source: Contributions to Nephrology - May 26, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Elias MF, Dore GA, Davey A Tags: Contrib Nephrol Source Type: research

Renal physiology and kidney stones
Conclusions: The occurrence of a kidney stone is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events including AMI, death due to CHD,PTCA/CABG and stroke. These data suggest that people with a clinically recognized kidney stone should be followed more closely to evaluate for the possibility of subsequent cardiovascular events -- younger people and women.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 10, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Alexander, R. T., Samuel, S., Wiebe, N., Bello, A., Klarenbach, S., Curhan, G. C., Tonelli, M., Hemmelgarn, B., Mingione, A., Terranegra, A., Aloia, A., Arcidiacono, T., Brasacchio, C., Hou, J., Dell'Antonio, G., Vezzoli, G., Soldati, L., Shimizu, T., Has Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Progeria syndrome in CKD/ESRD
Conclusions: Renal impairment independently associates with greater stroke disability at presentation and worse functional outcomes despite modern stroke care. Nonetheless these patients are also less likely to be thrombolysed for acute ischaemic stroke, which suggests a possible inequity in access to healthcare that requires urgent study.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 10, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Power, A., Gill, D., Wietek, N., Lim, J., Tanna, R., Duncan, N., Troyano Suarez, N., Del Nogal Avila, M., Mora Valenciano, I., Olmos Centenero, G., Diez-Marques, M. L., Cortes, M., Lopez Ongil, S., Martin Sanchez, P., Rodriguez Puyol, D., Ruiz Torres, M. Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Events in Pancreas-Kidney Transplants
Abstract: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) are major causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes. Strict control of treatable risk factors that contribute to atherosclerosis is important to reduce the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral arterial disease. Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) may significantly improve these risk factors in patients with type 1 diabetes. We studied 103 SPKT from our center with both organs functioning for metabolic and hypertensive control; body mass index (BMI); immunosuppression; and CCVD events. The 53 females/50 males s...
Source: Transplantation Proceedings - April 1, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: L. Martins, I. Fonseca, L. Dias, J. Malheiro, A. Rocha, P. Azevedo, H. Silva, R. Almeida, A.C. Henriques, J. Davide, A. Cabrita Tags: Renal Transplantation Source Type: research

Association of Serum Bicarbonate With Risk of Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in CKD: A Report From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study
Conclusions: In a cohort of participants with CKD, low serum bicarbonate level was an independent risk factor for kidney disease progression, particularly for participants with preserved kidney function. The risk of heart failure was higher at the upper extreme of serum bicarbonate levels. There was no association between serum bicarbonate level and all-cause mortality or atherosclerotic events.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - March 13, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mirela Dobre, Wei Yang, Jing Chen, Paul Drawz, L. Lee Hamm, Edward Horwitz, Thomas Hostetter, Bernard Jaar, Claudia M. Lora, Lisa Nessel, Akinlolu Ojo, Julia Scialla, Susan Steigerwalt, Valerie Teal, Myles Wolf, Mahboob Rahman, CRIC Investigators Tags: Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Fabry nephropathy: indications for screening and guidance for diagnosis and treatment by the European Renal Best Practice
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked disorder of glycosphingolipid catabolism resulting in the accumulation of glycolipids including globotriaosylceramide in cells of various tissues resulting in end-organ manifestations. Initially, FD is typically characterized by angiokeratoma and recurrent episodes of neuropathic pain in the extremities occurring during childhood or adolescence. Most affected patients also exhibit a decreased ability to sweat. Later in life, FD results in left ventricular hypertrophy, proteinuria, renal failure and stroke. These later disease manifestations are non-specific and also common in diabetes, hyp...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - March 5, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Terryn, W., Cochat, P., Froissart, R., Ortiz, A., Pirson, Y., Poppe, B., Serra, A., Van Biesen, W., Vanholder, R., Wanner, C. Tags: NDT PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

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