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Insulin Regulation of Hepatic Lipid Homeostasis
Compr Physiol. 2023 Jun 26;13(3):4785-4809. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c220015.ABSTRACTThe incidence of obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes (T2DM) continues to rise worldwide. The liver is a central insulin-responsive metabolic organ that governs whole-body metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, defining the mechanisms underlying insulin action in the liver is essential to our understanding of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. During periods of fasting, the liver catabolizes fatty acids and stored glycogen to meet the metabolic demands of the body. In postprandial conditions, insulin signals to the liver to store exc...
Source: Atherosclerosis - June 26, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kahealani Uehara Dominic Santoleri Anna E Garcia Whitlock Paul M Titchenell Source Type: research

Nuts and seeds consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and their risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: There is a probable relationship between consumption of nuts/seeds and lower risk of CVD, mostly driven by CHD, possibly in part through effects on blood lipids. More research on stroke and T2D may affect the conclusions. The evidence of specific nuts should be further investigated.PMID:36816545 | PMC:PMC9930735 | DOI:10.29219/fnr.v67.8961
Source: Atherosclerosis - February 23, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Erik Kristoffer Arnesen Birna Thorisdottir Linnea B ärebring Fredrik S öderlund Bright I Nwaru Ulrike Spielau Jutta Dierkes Alfons Ramel Christel Lamberg-Allardt Agneta Åkesson Source Type: research

Could "cellular exercise" be the missing ingredient in a healthy life? Diets, caloric restriction, and exercise-induced hormesis
Nutrition. 2022 Feb 7;99-100:111629. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111629. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOvernutrition is a poor dietary habit that has been correlated with increased health risks, especially in the developed world. This leads to an imbalance between energy storage and energy breakdown. Many biochemical processes involving hormones are involved in conveying the excess of energy into pathologic states, mainly atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Diverse modalities of regular exercise have been shown to be beneficial, to varying extents, in overcoming the overnutrition comorbidities...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 30, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Iv John L Pinches Yiuing L Pinches John O Johnson Natasha C Haddad Myriam G Boueri Luc M Oke Georges E Haddad Source Type: research

Added Sugars and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
CONCLUSIONS: Associations between added sugars and increased cardiovascular disease risk factors among US children are present at levels far below current consumption levels. Strong evidence supports the association of added sugars with increased cardiovascular disease risk in children through increased energy intake, increased adiposity, and dyslipidemia. The committee found that it is reasonable to recommend that children consume ≤25 g (100 cal or ≈6 teaspoons) of added sugars per day and to avoid added sugars for children <2 years of age. Although added sugars most likely can be safely consumed in low amounts as ...
Source: Circulation - August 21, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Vos MB, Kaar JL, Welsh JA, Van Horn LV, Feig DI, Anderson CA, Patel MJ, Cruz Munos J, Krebs NF, Xanthakos SA, Johnson RK, American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Clinical Cardiology Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

The relationship between insulin-sensitive obesity and cardiovascular diseases in a Chinese population: Results of the REACTION study
Conclusion: Both general and abdominal obesity were associated with elevated prevalent cardiovascular diseases and 10-year CHD risk, regardless of the presence or absence of insulin resistance.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 6, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jieli Lu, Yufang Bi, Tiange Wang, Weiqing Wang, Yiming Mu, Jiajun Zhao, Chao Liu, Lulu Chen, Lixin Shi, Qiang Li, Qin Wan, Shengli Wu, Guijun Qin, Tao Yang, Li Yan, Yan Liu, Guixia Wang, Zuojie Luo, Xulei Tang, Gang Chen, Yanan Huo, Zhengnan Gao, Qing Su, Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Obesity paradox in peripheral vascular disease
To prevent cardiovascular diseases, it is essential to control risk factors, among which obesity is a world-wide issue that we are currently facing . Obesity was found to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor by the Framingham Heart study, in which the participants were followed up over 26 years; a higher risk was observed in both men and women whose body weights increased after the young adult years . It has been shown that obesity, particularly visceral obesity, is closely related not only to classical cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, but also to insulin resistance, abn...
Source: Atherosclerosis - June 3, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johji Kato Tags: Invited Commentaries Source Type: research