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Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy and Mortality at Delivery Hospitalization - United States, 2017-2019
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Apr 29;71(17):585-591. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7117a1.ABSTRACTHypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs), defined as prepregnancy (chronic) or pregnancy-associated hypertension, are common pregnancy complications in the United States.* HDPs are strongly associated with severe maternal complications, such as heart attack and stroke (1), and are a leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States.† CDC analyzed nationally representative data from the National Inpatient Sample to calculate the annual prevalence of HDP among delivery hospitalizations and by maternal characteristics, a...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - April 28, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Nicole D Ford Shanna Cox Jean Y Ko Lijing Ouyang Lisa Romero Tiffany Colarusso Cynthia D Ferre Charlan D Kroelinger Donald K Hayes Wanda D Barfield Source Type: research

Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and associations with cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancer in Taiwan: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study
ConclusionsLong-term exposure to intermediate levels of ambient PM2.5 was associated with cardiopulmonary health outcomes. Our study adds value to future application and national burden of disease estimation in evaluating the health co-benefits from ambient air pollution reduction policy in Asian countries.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - April 26, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Pediatric Acute Ischemic Stroke by Age-Group: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Studies and Hospitalization Records
Conclusions: Incidence rates of pediatric AIS by age-groups followed a consistent overall pattern of a reverse J-shaped curve, with the highest rates in neonates, across predominantly European and North American countries. Further research is warranted to examine if this pattern is observed in other geographic regions and to identify AIS risk factors specific to different phases of childhood development.Neuroepidemiology
Source: Neuroepidemiology - August 17, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

HIV Viremia and Risk of Stroke Among People Living with HIV Who Are Using Antiretroviral Therapy
Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that elevated HIV VL may increase stroke risk, regardless of previous VL levels.
Source: Epidemiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Pharmacoepidemiology Source Type: research

Comorbidities Among Young Adults with Congenital Heart Defects: Results from the Congenital Heart Survey To Recognize Outcomes, Needs, and well-beinG - Arizona, Arkansas, and Metropolitan Atlanta, 2016-2019.
Abstract An estimated 1.4 million adults in the United States live with congenital heart defects (CHDs), yet their health outcomes are not well understood (1). Using self-reported, cross-sectional data from 1,482 respondents in the 2016-2019 Congenital Heart Survey To Recognize Outcomes, Needs, and well-beinG (CH STRONG) (2), CDC and academic partners estimated the prevalence of comorbidities among adults with CHDs aged 20-38 years born in Arizona (AZ), Arkansas (AR), and metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia (GA) compared with the general population (aged 20-38 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Su...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 12, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Oster ME, Riser AP, Andrews JG, Bolin EH, Galindo MK, Nembhard WN, Rose CE, Farr SL Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Sexual Orientation Disparities in Risk Factors for Adverse COVID-19-Related Outcomes, by Race/Ethnicity - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2017-2019.
Abstract Sexual minority persons experience health disparities associated with sexual stigma and discrimination and have a high prevalence of several health conditions that have been associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1,2). Current COVID-19 surveillance systems do not capture information about sexual orientation. To begin bridging the gap in knowledge about COVID-19 risk among sexual minority adults, CDC examined disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual adults in the prevalence of underlying conditions with strong or mixed evidence of associations with severe COVID-19-related i...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 5, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Heslin KC, Hall JE Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Risk of Ischemic Stroke after an Inpatient Hospitalization for Transient Ischemic Attack in the United States
Conclusions: Patients hospitalized for TIA have a lower risk of ischemic stroke compared to that reported in the studies based on the emergency room and/or outpatient clinic evaluation. Among these patients, those with cardiovascular comorbidities remain at a higher risk of readmission due to ischemic stroke despite undergoing an inpatient evaluation and should therefore be the target for future preventive strategies.Neuroepidemiology
Source: Neuroepidemiology - December 1, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Sociodemographic and Geographic Variation in Awareness of Stroke Signs and Symptoms Among Adults - United States, 2017.
Abstract Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States (1). In 2017, on average, a stroke-related death occurred every 3 minutes and 35 seconds in the United States, and stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability (1). To prevent mortality or long-term disability, strokes require rapid recognition and early medical intervention (2,3). Common stroke signs and symptoms include sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side; sudden confusion or trouble speaking; sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes; sudden trouble walking, dizziness, or loss of balance; and a...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - November 6, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jackson SL, Legvold B, Vahratian A, Blackwell DL, Fang J, Gillespie C, Hayes D, Loustalot F Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

QuickStats: Death Rates* from Stroke † Among Persons Aged ≥65 Years, by Sex and Age Group - National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2018.
QuickStats: Death Rates* from Stroke† Among Persons Aged ≥65 Years, by Sex and Age Group - National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Aug 21;69(33):1145 Authors: PMID: 32817599 [PubMed - in process]
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - August 20, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Potential Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Use of Emergency Departments for Acute Life-Threatening Conditions - United States, January-May 2020.
This report describes trends in ED visits for three acute life-threatening health conditions (myocardial infarction [MI, also known as heart attack], stroke, and hyperglycemic crisis), immediately before and after declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic as a national emergency. These conditions represent acute events that always necessitate immediate emergency care, even during a public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In the 10 weeks following the emergency declaration (March 15-May 23, 2020), ED visits declined 23% for MI, 20% for stroke, and 10% for hyperglycemic crisis, compared with the preceding 10-week p...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - June 25, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lange SJ, Ritchey MD, Goodman AB, Dias T, Twentyman E, Fuld J, Schieve LA, Imperatore G, Benoit SR, Kite-Powell A, Stein Z, Peacock G, Dowling NF, Briss PA, Hacker K, Gundlapalli AV, Yang Q Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Prevalence of and Changes in Tooth Loss Among Adults Aged ≥50 Years with Selected Chronic Conditions - United States, 1999-2004 and 2011-2016.
Abstract Extensive tooth loss can lead to poor diet resulting in weight loss or obesity (1). It can also detract from physical appearance and impede speech, factors that can restrict social contact, inhibit intimacy, and lower self-esteem (1). Chronic medical conditions and oral conditions share common risk factors (2). Persons with chronic conditions are more likely to have untreated dental disease, which can result in tooth loss. Three measures of tooth loss during 1999-2004 and 2011-2016 were estimated by comparing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for each period among adu...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - May 28, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Parker ML, Thornton-Evans G, Wei L, Griffin SO Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Prevalence of Self-Reported Hypertension and Antihypertensive Medication Use Among Adults - United States, 2017.
Abstract Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke (1). The prevalence of hypertension is higher among men than among women, increases with age, is highest among non-Hispanic blacks (blacks) (2), and has been consistently highest in the Southeastern region of the United States (1). To update prevalence estimates for self-reported hypertension and use of antihypertensive medication, CDC analyzed data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The overall (unadjusted) prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - April 9, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Samanic CM, Barbour KE, Liu Y, Fang J, Lu H, Schieb L, Greenlund KJ Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Potentially Excess Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties - United States, 2010-2017.
This report enhances the geographic detail by using the six levels of the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) urban-rural classification scheme for counties and extending estimates of potentially excess deaths by annual percent change (APC) and for additional years (2010-2017). Trends were tested both with linear and quadratic terms. PERIOD COVERED: 2010-2017. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: Mortality data for U.S. residents from the National Vital Statistics System were used to calculate potentially excess deaths from the five leading causes of death among persons aged <80 years. CDC's NCHS urban-rural c...
Source: MMWR Surveill Summ - November 7, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Garcia MC, Rossen LM, Bastian B, Faul M, Dowling NF, Thomas CC, Schieb L, Hong Y, Yoon PW, Iademarco MF Tags: MMWR Surveill Summ Source Type: research

An Investigation of Selection Bias in Estimating Racial Disparity in Stroke Risk FactorsThe REGARDS Study
AbstractSelection due to survival or attrition might bias estimates of racial disparities in health, but few studies quantify the likely magnitude of such bias. In a large national cohort with moderate loss to follow-up, we contrasted racial differences in 2 stroke risk factors, incident hypertension and incident left ventricular hypertrophy, estimated by complete-case analyses, inverse probability of attrition weighting, and the survivor average causal effect. We used data on 12,497 black and 17,660 white participants enrolled in the United States (2003 –2007) and collected incident risk factor data approximately 10 yea...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - August 23, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Accountability Assessment of Health Improvements in the United States Associated with Reduced Coal Emissions Between 2005 and 2012
Conclusions: The direct analyses of emissions reductions estimate substantial health benefits via coal power plant emission and PM2.5 concentration reductions. Differing responses associated with changes in the two exposure metrics underscore the importance of isolating source-specific impacts from those due to total PM2.5 exposure.
Source: Epidemiology - June 6, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Air Pollution Source Type: research

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