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Cheese consumption and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis of prospective studies
Adv Nutr. 2023 Jun 14:S2161-8313(23)01328-5. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.06.007. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis umbrella review aims to provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of current evidence from prospective studies on the diverse health effects of cheese consumption. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify meta-analyses/pooled analyses of prospective studies examining the associations between cheese consumption and major health outcomes from inception to August 31, 2022. We reanalyzed and updated previous meta-analyses and performed de novo meta-analyses with recently published prospec...
Source: Adv Data - June 16, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Mingjie Zhang Xiaocong Dong Zihui Huang Xue Li Yue Zhao Yingyao Wang Huilian Zhu Aiping Fang Edward L Giovannucci Source Type: research

Ageing-related markers and risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease: a prospective study in the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort
We examined the associations between five markers of unhealthy ageing; Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and cystatin-C; with risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We used a case-cohort design embedded in the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort, including a subcohort of 3792 participants along with 4867 incident cases of cancer and CVD. Hazard ratios (HRs) were computed and the strongest associations were used to build weighted multi-marker combinations, and their associations with cancer and CVD risks we...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 22, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Randomized Trial Evaluation of Benefits and Risks of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Among Women Aged 50-59.
Abstract The health benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 50-59 years are examined in the Women's Health Initiative randomized, placebo-controlled trials using long-term follow-up data and a parsimonious statistical model that leverages data from older participants to increase precision. These trials enrolled 27,347 healthy post-menopausal women aged 50-79 at 40 U.S. clinical centers during 1993-1998, including 10,739 post-hysterectomy participants in a trial of conjugated equine estrogens, and 16,608 participants with uterus in the trial of these estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acet...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - October 7, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Prentice RL, Aragaki AK, Chlebowski RT, Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Stefanick ML, Wactawski-Wende J, Kuller LH, Wallace R, Johnson KC, Shadyab AH, Gass M, Manson JAE Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Cardiotoxicity of Use of Sequential Aromatase Inhibitors in Women With Breast Cancer
AbstractThe association between use of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and cardiovascular outcomes is controversial. While some observational studies have assessed the cardiovascular safety of AIs as upfront treatments, their cardiotoxicity as sequential treatments with tamoxifen remains unknown. Thus, we conducted a population-based cohort study using data from the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to the Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics databases. We employed a prevalent new-user design to propensity-score match, in a 1:2 ratio, patients switching from tamoxifen to AIs wit...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - April 27, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Cardiotoxicity of Sequential Aromatase Inhibitors Use in Women with Breast Cancer.
Abstract The association between aromatase inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes is controversial. While some observational studies have assessed their cardiovascular safety as up-front treatments, their cardiotoxic effects as sequential treatments with tamoxifen remains unknown. Thus, we conducted a population-based cohort study using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to the Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics databases. A prevalent new-user design was used to propensity score match, in a 1:2 ratio, patients switching from tamoxifen to aromatase inhibitors t...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - April 26, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Khosrow-Khavar F, Bouganim N, Filion KB, Suissa S, Azoulay L Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Adherence to the 2015 Dutch dietary guidelines and risk of non-communicable diseases and mortality in the Rotterdam Study
AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the criterion validity of the 2015 food-based Dutch dietary guidelines, which were formulated based on evidence on the relation between diet and major chronic diseases. We studied 9701 participants of the Rotterdam Study, a population-based prospective cohort in individuals aged 45  years and over [median 64.1 years (95%-range 49.0–82.8)]. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline with a food-frequency questionnaire. For all participants, we examined adherence (yes/no) to fourteen items of the guidelines: vegetables (≥200 g/day), fruit (≥200 g/day), whole-grains (≥90  g/day), legumes...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - August 19, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The Associations of Atrial Fibrillation With the Risks of Incident Invasive Breast and Colorectal Cancer
<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxTitle">Abstract</div>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia that poses a significant risk of stroke. Cross-sectional and case-control studies have shown evidence of associations between AF and breast or colorectal cancer, but there have been no longitudinal studies in which this has been assessed. We prospectively examined a cohort of 93,676 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative from 1994 to 1998 to determine whether there are relationships between baseline AF and the development of invasive breast or colorectal cancer. The pr...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - February 7, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on macro-economic productivity: a systematic review
Abstract Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have large economic impact at multiple levels. To systematically review the literature investigating the economic impact of NCDs [including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on macro-economic productivity. Systematic search, up to November 6th 2014, of medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) without language restrictions. To identify additional publications, we searched the reference lists of retriev...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 3, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on households and impoverishment: a systematic review
Abstract The global economic impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on household expenditures and poverty indicators remains less well understood. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature evaluating the global economic impact of six NCDs [including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on households and impoverishment. Medline, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to November 6th 2014. To identify additional publ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Why is greater medication adherence associated with better outcomes
Background: To evaluate potential explanations for the association of greater adherence to placebo medication with better outcomes. Methods: The three explanations evaluated were that subjects with greater placebo adherence were 1) more likely to adhere to other medications, 2) had better healthcare behaviors, and 3) had lower risk. The data included more than 800 risk factors from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), a nationwide study that included women who participated in randomized controlled trials of estrogen plus progestin (n=16,608) or estrogen alone (n=10,739). The median follow-up was 8 years. Linear regression ...
Source: Emerging Themes in Epidemiology - February 2, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Arthur HartzTao He Source Type: research