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Epigenetics of Early-Life Socioeconomic Stressors and the Impact on Childhood Body Mass Index —Potential Mechanism and Biomarker?
Overweight and obesity are growing epidemics worldwide. Recent estimates from the World Health Organization indicate that 39% of adults had overweight, and 13% had obesity. In addition, an estimated 340 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years had overweight or obesity in 2016 whereas 39 million children younger than 5 years had overweight or obesity in 2020. Understanding the biological mechanisms behind the development of overweight and obesity is critical as overweight and obesity are risk factors for a host of cardiometabolic outcomes including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The...
Source: JAMA Pediatrics - September 5, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

A Clinical and Physiological Prospective Observational Study on the Management of Pediatric Shock in the Post-Fluid Expansion as Supportive Therapy Trial Era*
CONCLUSIONS: Maintenance-only fluid therapy normalized clinical and myocardial perturbations in shock without compromising cardiac or hemodynamic function whereas fluid-bolus management of WHO shock resulted in high fatality. Troponin and lactate biomarkers of cardiac dysfunction could be promising outcome predictors in pediatric septic shock in resource-limited settings.
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - July 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

COVID-19 and neurologic manifestations: a synthesis from the child neurologist's corner
CONCLUSIONS: Various neurologic manifestations have been associated with children's SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is important to identify and give them proper and opportune treatment because they can be potentially grave and life-threatening; some can lead to long-lasting sequelae. Different neuro-pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, however, a causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurologic manifestations remains to be proven. Patients with neurologic diseases are especially affected by COVID-19, not only by the disease itself but also by its complications and pandemic management measures.PMID:354...
Source: World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP - April 27, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Carolina Valderas Gast ón Méndez Alejandra Echeverr ía Nelson Suarez Katherin Julio Francisca Sandoval Source Type: research

What Causes Microcephaly?
Discussion Microcephaly is usually defined as an occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC) more than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for sex, age and ethnicity. Severe microcephaly is used for OFC < 3 standard deviations. Rates of microcephaly range from 0.5-12 patients/10,000 live births. The OFC should be measured at every well child visit and at other opportunities and plotted on standard growth charts. The OFC is measured using a nonelastic tape measure around the largest part of the head with the tape measure held above the eyebrows and ears. It is a highly reproducible measurement. There are several diff...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - September 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news