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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease frequency and associated factors at admission of acute stroke
ConclusionsThe frequency of NAFLD was high in our patient group. Significant NAFLD-presence factors were high BMI, low AST/ALT ratio, high serum albumin level, high PA%, and high DGLA level. A further study is warranted to determine the effects of the NAFLD-presence factors on stroke onset or prevention.
Source: Hepatology International - September 15, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Association of Syndemic Unhealthy Alcohol Use, Smoking, and Depressive Symptoms on Incident Cardiovascular Disease among Veterans With and Without HIV-Infection
AbstractUnhealthy alcohol use, smoking, and depressive symptoms are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about their co-occurrence – termed a syndemic, defined as the synergistic effect of two or more conditions—on CVD risk in people with HIV (PWH). We used data from 5621 CVD-free participants (51% PWH) in the Veteran’s Aging Cohort Study-8, a prospective, observational study of veterans followed from 2002 to 2014 to asse ss the association between this syndemic and incident CVD by HIV status. Diagnostic codes identified cases of CVD (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, perip...
Source: AIDS and Behavior - August 19, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Insomnia as an Independent Predictor of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in HIV: Data From the Veterans Aging Cohort Study
Background: Insomnia is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the general population and is highly prevalent in people with HIV. The CVD risk conferred by insomnia in the HIV population is unknown. Methods: Using the Veterans Aging Cohort Study Survey Cohort, insomnia symptoms were measured and dummy coded with the item, “Difficulty falling or staying asleep?” (5-point scale from no difficulty to bothers a lot). Incident CVD event ICD-9 codes (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, or coronary artery revascularization) were identified with the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Medicare...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - April 9, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Effect of chlorhexidine skin disinfection and retrosternal gentamicin sponge on post-sternotomy mediastinitis: results from a prospective controlled registry of 2340 patients
ConclusionPreoperative skin disinfection with IPA–CHG is superior to only IPA, and it should be recommended. The addition of a retrosternal gentamicin-releasing sponge further reduces the rate of mediastinitis.
Source: Journal of Hospital Infection - November 15, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Liberia:Aids, NCDs, and the ABCs of Organizing
[New Dawn] Geneva -Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), like heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and chronic lung disease, are responsible for 70% of all deaths. There is incontrovertible evidence that tobacco use, inactivity, unhealthy diets, and excessive alcohol consumption increase the odds of dying prematurely from an NCD.
Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs - December 13, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Use of Abacavir and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among HIV-Infected Individuals
Background: Evidence is conflicting about the association of abacavir use and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among HIV-infected individuals. Previous studies may have been biased by the preferential initiation or continuation of abacavir in patients with renal dysfunction. Methods: We conducted a cohort study in Kaiser Permanente California during 1998–2011, following HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy until the earliest of CVD (ie, coronary heart disease or ischemic stroke), health plan disenrollment, death, or end of study. We used inverse-probability weighting to fit marginal structural models to est...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - February 25, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research