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Total 220 results found since Jan 2013.

Has industry funding biased studies of the protective effects of alcohol on cardiovascular disease? A preliminary investigation of prospective cohort studies
ConclusionsDedicated high‐quality studies of possible alcohol industry funding effects should be undertaken, and these should be broad in scope. They also need to investigate specific areas of concern, such as stroke, in greater depth. [McCambridge J, Hartwell G. Has industry funding biased studies of the protective effects of alcohol on cardiovascular disease? A preliminary investigation of prospective cohort studies. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014]
Source: Drug and Alcohol Review - March 7, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Jim McCambridge, Greg Hartwell Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Fetal Alcohol Exposure Alters Blood Flow and Neurological Responses to Transient Cerebral Ischemia in Adult Mice
ConclusionsOur data collectively show that PAE adult mice exhibit a persistent, long‐term loss of cranially directed blood flow, and decreased capacity to compensate for brain trauma due to acute‐onset adult diseases like ischemic stroke. Our study assessed long‐term consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on blood flow and on behavioral outcomes following unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo)‐induced transient ischemic stroke in adults. PAE resulted in a significant age‐related decrease in blood acceleration in mature adult and middle‐aged mice, specifically in the carotid artery. Followi...
Source: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research - December 16, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Shameena Bake, Rachel Gardner, Joseph D. Tingling, Rajesh C. Miranda, Farida Sohrabji Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Immediate and Complex Cardiovascular Adaptation to an Acute Alcohol Dose
ConclusionsA dose of alcohol quickly invoked multiple cardiovascular responses, possibly as an adaptive reaction to the acute pharmacological challenge. Future studies should assess how exposure to alcohol acutely disrupts or dissociates typically integrated neurocardiac functions. Graphical depiction of the relationships between pre‐ to postbeverage changes in heart rate and stroke volume (top panel), heart rate and pulse transit time (middle panel) and stroke volume and pulse transit time (bottom panel) in each participant.
Source: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research - November 28, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Jennifer F. Buckman, David Eddie, Evgeny G. Vaschillo, Bronya Vaschillo, Aaron Garcia, Marsha E. Bates Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Fetal Alcohol Exposure Alters Blood Flow and Neurological Responses to Transient Cerebral Ischemia in Adult Mice.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data collectively show that PAE adult mice exhibit a persistent, long-term loss of cranially directed blood flow, and decreased capacity to compensate for brain trauma due to acute-onset adult diseases like ischemic stroke. PMID: 27987329 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - December 16, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Bake S, Gardner R, Tingling JD, Miranda RC, Sohrabji F Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Acute Alcohol Modulates Cardiac Function as PI3K/Akt Regulates Oxidative Stress
ConclusionsAcute LA and HA seem to oppositely affect cardiac function through modulation of oxidative stress where PI3K/Akt plays a pivotal role.
Source: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research - June 24, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Nsini A. Umoh, Robin K. Walker, Mustafa Al‐Rubaiee, Miara A. Jeffress, Georges E. Haddad Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Acute Alcohol Modulates Cardiac Function as PI3K/Akt Regulates Oxidative Stress.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute LA and HA seem to oppositely affect cardiac function through modulation of oxidative stress where PI3K/Akt plays a pivotal role. PMID: 24962888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - June 24, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Umoh NA, Walker RK, Al-Rubaiee M, Jeffress MA, Haddad GE Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Associations of Lifetime Abstention and Past and Current Alcohol Use with Late-Life Mental Health: A Propensity Score Analysis
A recent review of studies that examined health effects of alcohol consumption concludes that habitual light-to-moderate alcohol intake (up to 1 drink per day for women and 1 or 2 drinks per day for men) is associated with lower rates of death, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and stroke (O’Keefe et al., 2014). The review also reports that excessive alcohol intake, in a dose-dependent fashion, commonly causes irreversible hypertension and atrial fibrillation, accounts for one third of all cases of nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, and markedly increases risks of both ischemic...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - February 16, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: C. Nathan Marti, Namkee G. Choi, Diana M. DiNitto, Bryan Y. Choi Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Damage to the insula leads to decreased nicotine withdrawal during abstinence
ConclusionsCurrent smokers with damage to their insular cortex brain region appear to experience fewer and less severe tobacco withdrawal symptoms, and appear to be less likely to require nicotine replacement therapy during hospitalization, compared with smokers with non‐insular damage. These findings support the potential role of the insular cortex in regulating withdrawal during abstinence, a motivator responsible for the maintenance of addictive behaviors.
Source: Addiction - September 8, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Amir Abdolahi, Geoffrey C. Williams, Curtis G. Benesch, Henry Z. Wang, Eric M. Spitzer, Bryan E. Scott, Robert C. Block, Edwin Wijngaarden Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Status of Lifetime Abstainers, Ex-Drinkers, Bingers, and Nonbingers Among Baby Boomers and Older Adults.
Conclusions/Importance: Diabetes screening/monitoring and stroke prevention/care are recommended for both age groups of abstainers and exdrinkers. PMID: 27007029 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Substance Use and Misuse - March 25, 2016 Category: Addiction Tags: Subst Use Misuse Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Consequences of Binge Drinking: An Integrative Review with Implications for Advocacy, Policy, and Research
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research - December 31, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Mariann R. Piano, Adriana Mazzuco, Minkyung Kang, Shane A. Phillips Tags: Critical Review Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Consequences of Binge Drinking: An Integrative Review with Implications for Advocacy, Policy, and Research.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 28067964 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - January 8, 2017 Category: Addiction Authors: Piano MR, Mazzuco A, Kang M, Phillips SA Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Multiple Cerebral Infarcts in a Young Patient Associated With Marijuana Use
Cerebrovascular events associated with marijuana use have been reported previously. This association is plausible, but not well-established yet. A 14-year-old girl, long-term heavy cannabis user, presented with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and decreased level of consciousness a few hours after smoking cannabis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple areas of acute, subacute and chronic ischemic lesions in the left frontal lobe, basal ganglia, and corpus callosum. History of other illicit drug use and other known causes of stroke were ruled out. Cannabis might cause stroke through direct effects on the cerebr...
Source: Journal of Addiction Medicine - September 1, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Methamphetamine dependent individuals show attenuated brain response to pleasant interoceptive stimuli
Conclusions: MD expend fewer brain processing resources during soft touch, a form of positively-valenced interoceptive stimuli, in brain areas that are important for both interoception and reward. Future studies will ascertain if sustained abstinence from methamphetamine use can normalize aberrant neural interoceptive processing.
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - July 16, 2013 Category: Addiction Authors: April C. May, Jennifer L. Stewart, Robyn Migliorini, Susan F. Tapert, Martin P. Paulus Tags: Full Length Reports Source Type: research

The cerebellum and addiction: insights gained from neuroimaging research
Abstract Although cerebellar alterations have been consistently noted in the addiction literature, the pathophysiology of this link remains unclear. The cerebellum is commonly classified as a motor structure, but human functional neuroimaging along with clinical observations in cerebellar stroke patients and anatomical tract tracing in non‐human primates suggests its involvement in cognitive and affective processing. A comprehensive literature search on the role of the cerebellum in addiction was performed. This review article (1) considers the potential role of the cerebellum in addiction; (2) summarizes the cerebellar ...
Source: Addiction Biology - September 1, 2013 Category: Addiction Authors: Eric A. Moulton, Igor Elman, Lino R. Becerra, Rita Z. Goldstein, David Borsook Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Citicoline in addictive disorders: a review of the literature.
Conclusions: Currently, there is limited research on the efficacy of citicoline for addictive disorders, but the available literature suggests promising results. Future research should employ larger sample sizes, increased dosing, and more complex study designs. PMID: 24950234 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse - June 20, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Wignall ND, Brown ES Tags: Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse Source Type: research