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Macrocalcification of intracranial vertebral artery may be related to in-stent restenosis: lessons learned from optical coherence tomography
Conclusions This study suggests a potential relationship between macrocalcifications and the risk of in-stent restenosis of the intracranial vertebral artery. These preliminary findings obtained from a limited sample should be verified by prospective large-scale studies.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - April 19, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Xu, R., Yang, B., Li, L., Wang, T., Lu, X., Luo, J., Zhang, X., Dong, J., Wang, Y., Hua, Y., Ma, Y., Jiao, L. Tags: Ischemic stroke Source Type: research

E-060 Endovascular treatment for intracranial giant cell arteritis with angioplasty, stenting, and intra-arterial calcium channel blockers
ConclusionsEndovascular treatment, including PTA (with or without stenting) and CCB infusion, may be effective in medically-refractory GCA with intracranial arterial stenosis but complication rates are considerable. The efficacy of CCB monotherapy implicates vascular smooth muscle dysfunction in the pathogenesis of intracranial GCA.Calcium-channel blocker infusion as monotherapy for intracranial giant cell arteritis. Pre-treatment angiography (lateral right internal carotid artery projection) shows severe focal supraclinoid ICA stenosis (curved white arrow, 1A). Post-verapamil infusion (20mg, 15 min delay) angiogram (1B) s...
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 26, 2021 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Caton, M., Mark, I., Baker, A., Narsinh, K., Halbach, V., Hetts, S., Cooke, D., Higashida, R., Dowd, C., Smith, W., Amans, M. Tags: Electronic poster abstracts Source Type: research

Can brain natriuretic peptide, S100b, and interleukin-6 prognosticate the neurological consequences in Egyptian patients presented with supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage?
Conclusion: Pro-BNP, IL-6, and S100b are greatly associated with the presence of IVH that, in turn, correlated well with poor clinical outcome measures. PMID: 33408945 [PubMed]
Source: Surgical Neurology International - January 9, 2021 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Surg Neurol Int Source Type: research

Imaging the Neural Circuit Basis of Social Behavior: Insights from Mouse and Human Studies.
Authors: Miura I, Overton ETN, Nakai N, Kawamata T, Sato M, Takumi T Abstract Social behavior includes a variety of behaviors that are expressed between two or more individuals. In humans, impairment of social function (i.e., social behavior and social cognition) is seen in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and stroke, respectively. In basic neuroscience research, fluorescence monitoring of neural activity, such as immediate early gene (IEG)-mediated whole-brain mapping, fiber photometry, and calcium imaging using a miniaturized head-mounted microscope or a two...
Source: Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) Source Type: research

E-077 Laboratory analogs of challenging thromboemboli in acute ischemic stroke
Conclusion Thrombus analogs with mechanical characteristics similar to those of challenging clinical thrombi were successfully developed. The calcium apatite thrombus analog was found to be stiffer than the fibrin-rich thrombus analog. References . Saver JL et al: Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs. t-PA alone in stroke. N Engl J Med 2015, 372(24):2285–2295. . Dorn F et al: Endovascular treatment of acute intracerebral artery occlusions with the solitaire stent: single-centre experience with 108 recanalization procedures. Cerebrovasc Dis 2012, 34(1):70–77. Disclosures: J. Chueh: None. J....
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 23, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Chueh, J., Litchman, J., Arslanian, R., Carniato, S., Rex, D., Howk, M., Gounis, M., Puri, A. Tags: Electronic Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

Development of a recalcitrant, large clot burden, bifurcation occlusion model for mechanical thrombectomy.
CONCLUSIONS Using novel large-bore distal access catheters, large unfragmented clots can be delivered into distal extracranial vessels in a swine occlusion model. The model mimics the clinical situation of a recalcitrant bifurcation occlusion and will be valuable in the study of next-generation stroke devices and in training settings. PMID: 28366057 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Srinivasan VM, Chen SR, Camstra KM, Chintalapani G, Kan P Tags: Neurosurg Focus Source Type: research

E-043 Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome: Non-invasive Imaging Findings and Angiographic Evaluation
We present indirect findings on non-invasive imaging, such as transient cerebral edema, convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraparenchymal hemorrhage and cerebral. Direct signs of single or multivessel arterial vasoconstriction are seen on CTA, MRA and confirmed on DSA. Reversibility of the vasoconstriction is demonstrated after intra-arterial administration of calcium channel blocker. Conditions such as diffuse atherosclerotic arterial narrowing, vasculitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy, cerebral edema secondary to venous congestion and vasospasm secondary to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were among the pathol...
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 28, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: de Macedo Rodrigues, K., Hito, R., Takhtani, D., Lozano, J., Wakhloo, A., Puri, A. Tags: Electronic poster abstracts Source Type: research

Magnetic resonance susceptibility weighted imaging in neurosurgery: current applications and future perspectives.
Abstract Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) is a relatively new imaging technique. Its high sensitivity to hemorrhagic components and ability to depict microvasculature by means of susceptibility effects within the veins allow for the accurate detection, grading, and monitoring of brain tumors. This imaging modality can also detect changes in blood flow to monitor stroke recovery and reveal specific subtypes of vascular malformations. In addition, small punctate lesions can be demonstrated with SWI, suggesting diffuse axonal injury, and the location of these lesions can help predict neurological outcome in pati...
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - July 24, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Di Ieva A, Lam T, Alcaide-Leon P, Bharatha A, Montanera W, Cusimano MD Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Sodium accumulation is associated with disability and progression in multiple sclerosis: a 23na mri study
Conclusions Significant increases in sodium were seen in lesions and normal appearing brain tissues in MS. Increased concentration of sodium in lesions, cortical grey matter, NAWM and basal ganglia in SPMS versus RRMS indicates greater neuroaxonal metabolic dysfunction and/or loss in the former group. MRI measurement of sodium concentration in vivo is likely to reflect clinically relevant neuroaxonal pathophysiology and may be a useful outcome measure in trials of putative neuroprotective treatments.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Paling, D., Solanky, B., Riemer, F., Tozer, D., Wheeler-Kingshott, C., Kapoor, R., Golay, X., Miller, D. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis, Stroke, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Association of British Neurologists (ABN) joint meeting with the Royal College of Physicians (RCP), London, 23-24 October 2013 Source Type: research

Electrolyte imbalance triggering relapse of inflammatory neuropathy
We describe a case of a 71 year old female with a fourteen year history of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and stable monoclonal gammopathy, normally maintained on three–weekly intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. At her best baseline, she has a normal motor examination and reduced vibration sense only to the ankles. She presented with a four week history of progressive numbness and paresthesiae in all four limbs, reduced balance, a decline in mobility with frequent falls and reduced hand function. The deterioration developed after a week of non–bloody diarrhoea with night sweats ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Keshavan, A., Gandhi, S., Lunn, M., Reilly, M. Tags: Neurogastroenterology, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Multiple sclerosis, Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease, Stroke, Hypertension Association of British Neurologists (ABN) joint meeting with the Royal College Source Type: research