Filtered By:
Specialty: Neuroscience
Education: Learning

This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 19.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 286 results found since Jan 2013.

The effect of haptic guidance and visual feedback on learning a complex tennis task.
Abstract While haptic guidance can improve ongoing performance of a motor task, several studies have found that it ultimately impairs motor learning. However, some recent studies suggest that the haptic demonstration of optimal timing, rather than movement magnitude, enhances learning in subjects trained with haptic guidance. Timing of an action plays a crucial role in the proper accomplishment of many motor skills, such as hitting a moving object (discrete timing task) or learning a velocity profile (time-critical tracking task). The aim of the present study is to evaluate which feedback conditions-visual or hapt...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - September 8, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Marchal-Crespo L, van Raai M, Rauter G, Wolf P, Riener R Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

P 240. Improvement of language functions in a chronic non-fluent post-stroke aphasic patient following sequential bilateral non-invasive neuromodulation by theta burst magnetic stimulation
Conclusions: Described sequential bilateral physiologically balanced TMS modulation of activation of the language related areas of both hemispheres may result in considerable and rather fast language benefits in chronic nfA patients. Whether this approach is better than usual unilateral stimulation requires further studies.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Filipovic, V. Stevanovic, I. Avramovic, M. Jelic, I. Avramovic, A. Jeremic, K. Kacar, S. Milanovic, L. Konstantinovic, J. Vuksanovic Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 181. Impact of offline transcranial direct current stimulation on consolidation of motor sequence learning in healthy elderly subjects
Conclusions: Offline application of anodal tDCS over M1 post training improves consolidation of motor sequence learning in elderly subjects until at least 22h post training. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential benefit of offline-tDCS in motor learning in healthy elderly and stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Wegscheider, J.-J. Rumpf, C. Fricke, D. Weise, J. Classen Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 155. Serial anodal tDCS over V1 induces long-term effects on colour discrimination in V4 measured in the unimpaired hemifield of patients with occipital stroke
Conclusion: Long-term modulation in colour perception following serial anodal tDCS may represent evidence of inducible long-term plasticity in distantly connected components of the visual system (V1 and V4) in patients with occipital stroke measured in the unimpaired hemifield. This builds on studies describing the immediate effects of tDCS in the visual system in healthy volunteers. The temporal dynamics of serial anodal tDCS seem to interact with learning processes, and may yield potential support for neuroplastic adaptation processes following cerebral lesions. Future studies should examine the long-term outcomes and dy...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R. Dargie, M. Olma, J. Behrens, A. Kraft, K. Irlbacher, M. Fahle, S. Brandt Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 168. TMS neurophysiology and interventional rTMS in children with perinatal stroke: Safety and tolerability in the PLASTIC CHAMPS trial
Introduction/Question: Perinatal stroke causes hemiplegic cerebral palsy and lifelong disability. TMS can define neurophysiology and central therapeutic targets while rTMS carries therapeutic potential in adult stroke but have not been applied to the more plastic developing brain. Ipsilateral projections from the unlesioned hemisphere to the affected hand are prominent in this population and the effects of non-lesioned inhibitory rTMS are unknown.Methods: PLASTIC CHAMPS is a randomized, blinded, factorial clinical trial of rTMS and constraint therapy (CIMT) to enhance upper extremity function in children (6–18years) with...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Rajapakse, O. Kirton, J. Roe, A. Kirton Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 171. Bihemispheric motor cortex stimulation in older adults induces modulations of resting state and task-related activity
Bihemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation (“dual” tDCS) of primary motor cortices has been described to enhance motor learning in healthy subjects and to facilitate motor recovery after stroke. In order to investigate the neural correlates of its mode of action, we compared different tDCS montages in a group of healthy older adults in a cross-over design (‘dual’ vs. ‘anodal’ vs. ‘sham’).20 subjects (mean age 68.7±4.7years, all right-handed) underwent tDCS and simultaneous MRI at 3T, including resting state fMRI and a choice reaction time task. In the task, subjects were presented with different...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R. Lindenberg, L. Nachtigall, M. Meinzer, M.M. Sieg, A. Flöel Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 45. Brain stimulation-enhanced therapy for visual neglect
Conclusions: This is the first proof-of-principle demonstration that a single-shot, simple behavioural procedure combined with TDCS can remediate treatment-unresponsive chronic visual neglect. TDCS provoked a positive therapeutic response in patients who did not otherwise respond to the behavioural therapy. By enhancing the consolidation of prism therapy, TDCS increased both the gain and longevity of therapeutic response, yielding large, long-lasting improvements in visual neglect.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. O’Shea, P. Revol, H. Cousijn, J. Near, C. Stagg, G. Rode, Y. Rossetti Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 39. Enhanced visuo-spatial and language learning with tDCS
Efficacy and effectiveness of training in conditions like chronic post-stroke aphasia or neglect, or neurodegenerative disorders like mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease, remain moderate only. Thus, novel strategies to enhance training success and overall behavioural outcome are urgently needed. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation tool that is now being widely used in neuroscientific and clinical research in humans, modulating cortical excitability by application of weak electrical currents in the form of direct current brain polarization.In a series of st...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Flöel, W. Suttorp, M. Meinzer, C. Breitenstein Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 27. Brain stimulation in stroke therapy
Non-invasive brain stimulation has shown its potential to modulate brain plasticity and enhance the effects of training in humans (Zimerman et al., Ann Neurol; 2012). Endeavour has been made to utilize brain stimulation in neurological diseases to enhance adaptive processes and prevent potential maladaptive ones. First studies presented evidence that non-invasive brain stimulation might not only transiently improve functions of the paretic hand, but can also modulate processes of learning (Zimerman et al., Stroke; 2012), a basis to achieve longer lasting effects. Based on this enhancement of functional recovery of both, se...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: F.C. Hummel Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 12. Plasticity in stroke patients: Why brain stimulation may (not) work
Advances in brain imaging techniques allow us to study not just what the brain looks like but how it works. When applied to people who have suffered a stroke this technology has demonstrated reorganization of the way surviving brain regions function. These findings give hope to the idea that new treatments can be designed and more effectively targeted towards individual patients.So how can we measure these changes in organization in the human brain? Brain imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have developed to the point where a detailed appreciation of the damage to brain structures and th...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: N. Ward Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 15. Flashes of insight: Non-conventional NIBS reveals novel ways to stimulate the brain
Conclusion: These non-conventional NIBS techniques may thus be opening new research domains for influencing brain activity and to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders in a non-invasive way.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Antal, L. Chaieb, G.G. Ambrus, W. Paulus Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

A Robotic Platform to Assess, Guide and Perturb Rat Forelimb Movements
Animal models are widely used to explore the mechanisms underlying sensorimotor control and learning. However, current experimental paradigms allow only limited control over task difficulty and cannot provide detailed information on forelimb kinematics and dynamics. Here we propose a novel robotic device for use in motor learning investigations with rats. The compact, highly transparent, three degree-of-freedom manipulandum is capable of rendering nominal forces of 2 N to guide or perturb rat forelimb movements, while providing objective and quantitative assessments of endpoint motor performance in a $50times 30~{hbox{mm}}...
Source: IEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

S14-4. Possibility of a useful intervention of exercise induced by muscle fatigue to change excitabilities of corticospinal and cortico-cortical tracts for functional recovery in neurorehabilitation
Motor learning and synaptic plasticity in the cortex are enhanced by interventions that reduce the effectiveness of GABAergic intracortical inhibition. The disinhibition of SICI by muscle fatigue could enhance synaptic plasticity and improve the consolidation of motor learning. We found that the corticospinal excitability and SICI decrease after exhaustive muscle contraction or muscle fatigue. It seems possible that decreased SICI can enhance synaptic plasticity if motor learning or skill training is combined with muscle fatigue. Interestingly, fatigue in muscles on the opposite side of the body or in lower limb muscles re...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 16, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Atsuo Maruyama Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

Posterior Fossa Syndrome After Cerebellar Stroke.
We report longitudinal clinical, neurocognitive and neuroradiological findings in a 71-year-old right-handed patient who developed PFS following a right cerebellar haemorrhage that was not surgically evacuated. During follow-up, functional neuroimaging was conducted by means of quantified Tc-99m-ECD SPECT studies. After a 10-day period of akinetic mutism, the clinical picture developed into cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS) with reversion to a previously learnt accent, consistent with neurogenic foreign accent syndrome (FAS). No psychometric evidence for dementia was found. Quantified Tc-99m-ECD SPECT studies ...
Source: Cerebellum - April 11, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mariën P, Verslegers L, Moens M, Dua G, Herregods P, Verhoeven J Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Toward a better dexterity: Direction for future studies
Performing an accurate and adequate motor task is a key function in our daily living activities, and improvement of dexterity is a main concern especially in stroke survivors. Thus, the development of new strategies to improve motor learning and to promote stroke recovery is desirable.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - April 8, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Samar S. Ayache Tags: Editorials Source Type: research