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Total 124 results found since Jan 2013.

Relationship of Lipoproteins to Cardiovascular Events: The AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes)
This study sought to examine the relationship between niacin treatment, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in this secondary analysis of the AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes) trial.Background: During a 3-year follow-up in 3,414 patients with established CV disease and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, combined niacin + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapy did not reduce CV events compared with LDL-C–lowering therapy alone.Methods: Subjects taking simvastatin and/o...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: John R. Guyton, April E. Slee, Todd Anderson, Jerome L. Fleg, Ronald B. Goldberg, Moti L. Kashyap, Santica M. Marcovina, Stephen D. Nash, Kevin D. O'Brien, William S. Weintraub, Ping Xu, Xue-Qiao Zhao, William E. Boden Tags: Cardiometabolic Risk Source Type: research

The Inhibitory Effect of Simvastatin and Aspirin on Histamine Responsiveness in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells.
Abstract Statins and aspirin deliver well-established cardiovascular benefits resulting in their increased use as combined polypills to decrease risk of stroke and heart disease. However, the direct endothelial effect of combined statin/aspirin cotreatment remains unclear. Histamine is an inflammatory mediator that increases vascular permeability and so we examined the effect of treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 24-hours with 1μM simvastatin and 100μM aspirin on histamine responsiveness. Subsequent histamine (1μM) challenge increased Ca(2+)i concentration, an effect that was significa...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - January 29, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Absi M, Bruce JI, Ward DT Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

No proof Earl Grey can fight heart disease
Conclusion This animal experiment indicated that the bergamot extract HMGF may have cholesterol-lowering effects similar to that of the commonly used statin, simvastatin, when given to mice with high cholesterol levels that were fed high cholesterol diets for three weeks. The main limitation of the study was that none of the research involved humans. Therefore, it is not possible to say the bergamot extract would work the same way in humans, unless directly tested. Furthermore, this rat study tested a pure extract rather than tea containing the extract, the effects of which may be different. For instance, taking milk in te...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 1, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Medication Food/diet Source Type: news

The inhibitory effect of simvastatin and aspirin on histamine responsiveness in human vascular endothelial cells
Statins and aspirin deliver well-established cardiovascular benefits resulting in their increased use as combined polypills to decrease risk of stroke and heart disease. However, the direct endothelial effect of combined statin/aspirin cotreatment remains unclear. Histamine is an inflammatory mediator that increases vascular permeability, and so we examined the effect of treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 24 h with 1 μM simvastatin and 100 μM aspirin on histamine responsiveness. Subsequent histamine (1 μM) challenge increased intracellular calcium (Ca2+i) concentration, an effect that was...
Source: AJP: Cell Physiology - April 1, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Absi, M., Bruce, J. I., Ward, D. T. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Statins - Are they anticonvulsant?
Abstract Statins are the most popular and effective lipid-lowering medications beneficial in hypercholesterolemias and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence supports theory that statins exhibit neuroprotective action in acute stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis or epilepsy. Hereby, we present available experimental data regarding action of this group of drugs on seizure activity and neuronal cell death. The most commonly examined statins, such as atorvastatin and simvastatin, display anticonvulsant action with only inconsiderable exceptions. However, the mechanism...
Source: Pharmacological Reports - June 22, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Banach M, Czuczwar SJ, Borowicz KK Tags: Pharmacol Rep Source Type: research

Evaluating cardiovascular event reduction with ezetimibe as an adjunct to simvastatin in 18,144 patients after acute coronary syndromes: Final baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE-IT study population
Background: The IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) is evaluating the potential benefit for reduction in major cardiovascular (CV) events from the addition of ezetimibe versus placebo to 40 mg/d of simvastatin therapy in patients who present with acute coronary syndromes and have low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≤125 mg/dL.Methods: The primary composite end point is CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke, rehospitalization for unstable angina (UA), and coronary revascularization (≥30 days postrandomization). The simvastatin monotherapy arm’s LDL-C target is
Source: American Heart Journal - May 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Michael A. Blazing, Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Thomas A. Musliner, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Jennifer A. White, Craig Reist, Amy McCagg, Eugene Braunwald, Robert M. Califf Tags: Acute Ischemic Heart Disease Source Type: research

Comparative effectiveness of generic and brand-name statins on patient outcomes: a cohort study.
CONCLUSION: Compared with those initiating brand-name statins, patients initiating generic statins were more likely to adhere and had a lower rate of a composite clinical outcome. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Teva Pharmaceuticals. PMID: 25222387 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - September 16, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Gagne JJ, Choudhry NK, Kesselheim AS, Polinski JM, Hutchins D, Matlin OS, Brennan TA, Avorn J, Shrank WH Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Niacin fails to prevent cardiovascular events Observational studies have consistently demonstrated that levels of LDL cholesterol directly correlate with cardiovascular risk while HDL levels are inversely related to cardiovascular risk. Niacin is known to reduce LDL levels and concurrently raise HDL levels. In the HPS2-THRIVE study, 25,673 patients with a background of vascular disease were randomized to receive 2 g of extended-release niacin and 40 mg of laropiprant (an anti-flushing agent) or a matching placebo daily. Prior to starting the study, in a run-in phase, background statin therapy was standardized wit...
Source: Heart - September 23, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Clinical Picture Ischaemic scalp ulceration and hair loss
A 46-year-old woman presented to our outpatient clinic in June, 2013, with frequent collapse, ischaemic scalp ulcerations, and hair loss (). She had undergone carotid endarterectomy in 2005, after a small right hemispheric stroke, and had no other medical history apart from hypercholesterolaemia. She had no previous dermatological or scalp problems. She took clopidogrel 75 mg, aspirin 80 mg, and simvastatin 40 mg daily.
Source: LANCET - October 11, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Çağdaş Ünlü, Jean-Paul P M de Vries Tags: Clinical Picture Source Type: research

Evaluating cardiovascular event reduction with ezetimibe as an adjunct to simvastatin in 18,144 patients after acute coronary syndromes: Final baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE-IT study population
Conclusions This trial is evaluating LDL-C lowering beyond previously targeted LDL-C levels. The results depend on achieving the desired separation of LDL-C with ezetimibe and on the assumption that ezetimibe’s lowering of LDL-C will have similar event reduction efficacy as the LDL-C lowering from a statin. The results could affect future therapies and guidelines.
Source: American Heart Journal - October 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Correlation between use of simvastatin and lovastatin and female lung cancer risk: a nationwide case–control study
ConclusionsSimvastatin use at a DDD of more than 150 is correlated with an approximately 20% reduction in the risk of lung cancer in women.
Source: International Journal of Clinical Practice - November 25, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: T.‐Y. Yang, W.‐M. Lin, C.‐L. Lin, F.‐C. Sung, C.‐H. Kao Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Statin treatment 0061ffects cytokine release and phagocytic activity in primary cultured microglia through two separable mechanisms
Conclusions: The disparity in cholesterol dependence of cytokine release and phagocytosis suggests the two effects occur through distinct molecular mechanisms. These two pathways may provide an opportunity for further refinement of pharmacotherapies for neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Source: Molecular Brain - November 26, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Matthew ChurchwardKathryn Todd Source Type: research

Statin treatment affects cytokine release and phagocytic activity in primary cultured microglia through two separable mechanisms
Conclusions: The disparity in cholesterol dependence of cytokine release and phagocytosis suggests the two effects occur through distinct molecular mechanisms. These two pathways may provide an opportunity for further refinement of pharmacotherapies for neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Source: Molecular Brain - November 26, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Matthew ChurchwardKathryn Todd Source Type: research

Correlation between use of simvastatin and lovastatin and female lung cancer risk: a nationwide case-control study.
CONCLUSIONS: Simvastatin use at a DDD of more than 150 is correlated with an approximately 20% reduction in the risk of lung cancer in women. PMID: 25421876 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Lung Cancer - November 25, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yang TY, Lin WM, Lin CL, Sung FC, Kao CH Tags: Int J Clin Pract Source Type: research

Simvastatin Pretreatment Protects Cerebrum from Neuronal Injury by Decreasing the Expressions of Phosphor-CaMK II and AQP4 in Ischemic Stroke Rats
Abstract Excitotoxicity and cytotoxic edema are the two major factors resulting in neuronal injury during brain ischemia and reperfusion. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II), the downstream signal molecular of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), is a mediator in the excitotoxicity. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), expressed mainly in the brain, is an important aquaporin to control the flux of water. In a previous study, we had reported that pretreatment of simvastatin protected the cerebrum from ischemia and reperfusion injury by decreasing neurological deficit score and infarct area (Zhu et al. PLoS On...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - December 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research